从接受美学看鲁迅小说创作  

On Lu Xun’s Novel Creation from the Aesthetics of Reception

作　　者：董琼[1] DONG Qiong(School of Foreign Languages,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学外语学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期120-124,共5页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(21CZW043);湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究青年项目(18Q073)。

摘　　要：作为中国现代文学史上重视读者接受的作家之一,鲁迅小说在很大程度上所构筑的正是基于城市读书人的现代乡土中国的生存图景,而且面对这些读者,鲁迅的“启蒙主义”更接近于康德“要有勇气运用你自己的理智”的启蒙。在鲁迅小说中普遍采用的“看/被看”“离去—归来—再离去”的小说模式,更贴合读者观察现实、审视自身的需要。不仅如此,鲁迅小说透过叙述者对人物的否定以及隐含作者对叙述者的否定的否定,也实现了对不同层面读者的阅读接受。在“顾念读者”与“抒写自我”之间,鲁迅小说与五四时期一代人最深刻的焦虑与思索联结在一起,传达着那个时代所共有的情感标记与心理氛围。As one of the writers who attach importance to readers’ acceptance in the history of modern Chinese literature, Lu Xun’s novels to a large extent build the survival picture of modern local China based on urban readers, And in the face of these readers, Lu Xun’s "enlightenment" is closer to Kant’s enlightenment of "having the courage to use your own intellect". It should be said that the novel mode of "see/be seen" and "leave-return-leave again" widely used in Lu Xun’s novels is more suitable for readers to observe reality and reflect on their own needs. Moreover, Lu Xun’s novels pay attention to the horizon of reading expectations of different readers through the narrator’s negation of the characters and the implied author’s negation of the narrator. Between "caring for readers" and "expressing oneself", Lu Xun’s novels are connected with the most profound anxiety and thinking of the May 4th generation, conveying the common emotional markers and psychological atmosphere of this era.

关 键 词：鲁迅小说 读者意识 否定之否定 历史中间物 

分 类 号：I210.976[文学—中国文学]