新型膜组件MBR启动运行Anammox工艺及膜污染控制  

New-type membrane module MBR start and operate Anammox process and the control of membrane fouling

作　　者：运红颖 孟皓 邢芳华 汪涛[1] YUN Hongying;MENG Hao;XING Fanghua;WANG Tao(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollutant Control,School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津市清洁能源利用与污染物控制重点实验室,天津300401

出　　处：《工业水处理》2023年第1期124-130,共7页Industrial Water Treatment

摘　　要：膜生物反应器(MBR)作为一种高效的厌氧氨氧化(Anaerobic ammonia oxidation,Anammox)反应器受到研究者的广泛关注。然而,膜污染问题制约了MBR在Anammox领域的工程应用。为了减缓膜污染的形成,设计了一种新型伞式膜组件,再在这种膜组件的基础上构建MBR用于启动运行Anammox工艺,通过形成特定的流场结构强化膜附近水流剪切力和水流速度,从而实现膜组件的自清洗,进而延长膜组件的使用周期。该反应器经55 d运行成功启动Anammox工艺,直到运行81 d才达到更换膜组件的条件(跨膜压力达到0.045 MPa)。结果表明,新型膜组件MBR不仅可以缩短Anammox工艺的启动周期,还可以有效缓解膜污染。扫描电镜结果表明,运行81 d的膜组件表面形成了明显的滤饼层,其主要污染物为具有花椰菜结构的厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)及生长代谢产物。同时利用Ansys Fluent模拟工艺运行过程中伞式膜组件周围的流场结构,从流体动力学角度解释了伞式膜组件缓解膜污染的机理。研究表明,膜组件附近强化的水流剪切力和水流速度作用于展开的膜丝,显著减缓滤饼层的形成。Membrane bioreactor(MBR),as an efficient Anammox reactor,has attracted extensive attention from researchers. However,membrane fouling restricts the engineering application of MBR in Anammox field. To slow down the formation of membrane fouling,a new-type umbrella membrane module was designed. And then,MBR was used to start Anammox process with this new-type membrane module,which could realize the automatic cleaning,and prolong life span by forming a specific flow field structure to strengthen near water flow velocity and shear force.The Anammox process was successfully started after 55 days of operation,and the condition for membrane module replacement(the transmembrane pressure reached 0.045 MPa) was not reached until 81 d of operation. The results showed that the new membrane module MBR could not only shorten the start-up period of Anammox process,but also effectively alleviate membrane fouling. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) results showed that obvious cake layer was formed on the surface of the membrane module after 81 days of operation,and the main pollutants were AnAOB with cauliflower structure and their metabolites. At the same time,Ansys Fluent was used to simulate the flow field structure around the umbrella-shape membrane module during operation,and explained the mechanism how the module could alleviate membrane fouling from fluid dynamics perspective. The results showed that the formation of cake layer was significantly controlled by the enhanced shear force and velocity of water flow around the membrane module acting on the unfold membrane wire.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 膜污染 膜生物反应器 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]