不同氮肥用量及运筹方式对苏裸麦2号产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates and Modes on the Yield and Quality of the Hulless Barley Cultivar Suluomai No.2

作　　者：李赢 刘海翠 石吕 石晓旭 薛亚光[1] 刘建[1] 魏亚凤[1] LI Ying;LIU Hai-cui;SHI Lyu;SHI Xiao-xu;XUE Ya-guang;LIU Jian;WEI Ya-feng(Jiangsu Yanjiang Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences/Nantong Municipal Key Laboratory of Recycling Agriculture,Nantong 226541,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所/南通市循环农业重点实验室,江苏南通226541

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2022年第6期50-54,59,共6页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：南通市科技项目(MS22020035,JC2021152);江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目(NY-200);江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所青年科技基金[YJ(2021)001]。

摘　　要：以江苏省大面积推广的苏裸麦2号为试验材料,研究不同氮肥用量及运筹方式对其产量和品质的影响,明确品质与较高产量相协调的裸大麦优质丰产栽培关键技术,为江苏省裸大麦生产合理施用氮肥提供科学依据。结果表明,随着施氮量的增加,苏裸麦2号的穗数、穗粒数、千粒质量、产量、粗蛋白含量和β-葡聚糖含量均随之增加,可溶性膳食纤维和总膳食纤维含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,粗纤维含量随之下降。提高苗肥施氮量,穗数、穗粒数、产量、可溶性膳食纤维含量和总膳食纤维含量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,千粒质量表现相反,粗蛋白和粗纤维含量均随之下降。综合考虑产量和可溶性膳食纤维含量、β-葡聚糖含量等品质指标,在纯氮量为210 kg/hm^(2),基肥、苗肥、孕穗肥质量比为4︰3︰3时,可生产出高产优质的食用裸大麦。苏裸麦2号的产量可达5066.24 kg/hm^(2),其籽粒中总膳食纤维含量为17.55 g/100 g,可溶性膳食纤维含量为9.45 g/100 g,β-葡聚糖质量分数为3.99%。The present study investigated the impact of nitrogen fertilizer application rate and mode on the yield and quality of hulless barley,which can lay a scientific foundation for the appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer to hulless barley production in Jiangsu Province.The tested hulless barley variety in this study was Suluomai No.2,which is widely planted in Jiangsu.We assessed the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates and modes on its yield and quality,and accordingly determined the key cultivation techniques for achieving its high quality and high yield.The results showed that the spike number,grain number per spike,1000-grain weight,yield,crude protein content,andβ-glucan content all grew with increasing nitrogen application rate,while the contents of soluble dietary fiber and total dietary fiber both rose firstly and then decreased with it,and the crude fiber decreased with it.The spike number,grain number per spike,yield,soluble dietary fiber content,and total dietary fiber content all increased firstly and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application rate at seedling stage,while the 1000-grain weight showed the opposite trend,and the crude protein and crude fiber contents decreased with it.Comprehensively considering the yield,soluble dietary fiber content,β-glucan content,and other quality indicators,the optimal nitrogen fertilization strategy is to apply pure nitrogen fertilizer at 210 kg/hm^(2),which is split into basal fertilizer,seedling fertilizer,and booting fertilizer at the ratio of 4∶3∶3.Under these conditions,the hulless barley variety Suluomai No.2 attained the highest yield of 5066.24 kg/hm^(2);and its total dietary fiber content,soluble dietary fiber content,andβ-glucan content reached 17.55 g/100 g,9.45 g/100 g,and 3.99%,respectively.Therefore,the above nitrogen application rate and mode can result in high quality and high yield of Suluomai No.2.

关 键 词：苏裸麦2号 氮肥用量 氮肥运筹 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]