战创伤止血剂的研究现状与展望  

The current application and prospect of hemostatic agents for combat and traumatic hemorrhage control

作　　者：李越 张洁元 李兵仓 Li Yue;Zhang Jieyuan;Li Bingcang(Neurosurgery Department,Xijing 986 Hospital,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710054,China;Department of Assessment for Biological Effects of Weapon Wound,Daping Hospital,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]空军第九八六医院神经外科,西安710054 [2]陆军军医大学大坪医院研究部,武器杀伤生物效应评估研究室,重庆400042

出　　处：《创伤外科杂志》2023年第1期16-21,32,共7页Journal of Traumatic Surgery

基　　金：国防科技创新特区课题(19-163-15-ZD-009-001-14)。

摘　　要：出血是可预防性死亡的主要原因,也是战场和和平环境下创伤救治的重点。目前肢体出血的病死率已明显降低,但控制交界区和体腔内出血仍是严峻挑战,各种止血剂的研究正在蓬勃开展,如矿物类、植物类、生物类、合成类的止血剂,部分已在动物实验中展现出诱人的前景,少数已应用于临床。创伤性凝血病在战创伤出血中常见,明显增加出血病死率。氨甲环酸是世界卫生组织推荐的抗纤溶药,在战创伤出血救治中具有重要作用。本文旨在为战创伤出血的临床救治和基础研究提供参考。Hemorrhage is the main cause of preventable death,and also the focus of military and civilian pre-hospital trauma care.At present,the mortality rate following limb hemorrhage has been significantly reduced,but the control of junctional hemorrhage or called compressible hemorrhage and intracavitary hemorrhage are still challenging.Various hemostatic agents have been developed,such as mineral,plantal,biological and synthetic ones.Some of them have shown attractive prospects in animal experiments,and a few have been applied clinically.Traumatic coagulopathy following traumatic bleeding is not rare,which largely increases the mortality rate.Tranexamic acid is an anti-fibrinolytic drug recommended by the World Health Organization,which plays an important role in the treatment of wound hemorrhage.This review summarized the recent hemostatic agents,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment and basic research of traumatic hemorrhage control.

关 键 词：战伤 创伤 出血 止血剂 

分 类 号：R826.1[医药卫生—临床医学]