基于改进JHA法的原油储罐大修作业风险分析  

Risk Analysis of Crude Oil Tank Overhaul Operation based on Improved JHA Method

作　　者：洪雷 高建勋 苗建敏 张浩 HONG Lei;GAO Jianxun;MIAO Jianmin;ZHANG Hao(Zhoushan National Petroleum Reserve Base Co.,Ltd.,Zhoushan 316021,Zhejiang,China;Sinochem Zhoushan hazardous chemicals emergency rescue base Co.,Ltd.,Zhoushan 316021,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]舟山国家石油储备基地有限责任公司,浙江舟山316021 [2]中化舟山危化品应急救援基地有限公司,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2022年第4期151-155,共5页Energy Research and Management

摘　　要：为预防原油储罐大修作业事故,采用改进作业危害分析(JHA)法对原油储罐大修作业风险分析。首先,对原油储罐大修作业阶段及作业步骤进行分析,基于事故致因中的类别对作业过程中的危险有害因素辨识,再运用风险等级评价法半定量化各作业步骤的风险等级,最后,针对不同危险有害因素制定相应的安全控制措施。以舟山某原油库储罐大修作业为例,进行改进JHA法,结果表明:储罐大修清罐作业阶段共有20个作业步骤,87个危险有害因素,经风险等级判定得出风险情况为IV风险15个、III风险19个、II风险0个、I风险0个,说明储罐大修清罐作业阶段安全风险可控,该方法能够全面识别储罐大修作业中的危险有害因素,并且风险等级与实际情况基本相符,能够有效实现储罐大修作业风险分级管控,提升石油仓储企业的作业安全管理水平。In order to prevent the overhaul accident of crude oil storage tank,the improved job hazard analysis(JHA)method is used to analyze the overhaul risk of crude oil storage tank.First,analyze the overhaul operation stage and operation steps of crude oil storage tank,identify the hazardous and harmful factors in the operation process based on the categories of accident causes,and then use the risk grade evaluation method to semi quantify the risk grade of each operation step.Finally,formulate corresponding safety control measures for different hazardous and harmful factors.Taking the overhaul of a crude oil storage tank in Zhoushan as an example,the JHA method was improved.The results showed that there were 20 operation steps and87 hazardous and harmful factors in the tank overhaul and tank cleaning operation phase.The risk level determined that the risks were 15 IV risks,19 III risks,0 II risks,and 0 I risks,indicating that the safety risks in the tank overhaul and tank cleaning operation phase were controllable.This method could comprehensively identify the hazardous and harmful factors in the tank overhaul operation.And the risk level is basically consistent with the actual situation,which can effectively achieve the hierarchical management and control of tank overhaul risk and improve the operation safety management level of oil storage enterprises.

关 键 词：储罐大修作业 作业危害分析(JHA) 危害辨识 风险分析 

分 类 号：TE988[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]