地下结构工程质量事故分析与处理  

QUALITY ACCIDENT ANALYSIS ON AND HANDLING OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURE

作　　者：黄存智 HUANG Cun-zhi(Architectural Design Institute of China Academy of Building Research Co.,Ltd.,100013,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑技术》2023年第1期83-87,共5页Architecture Technology

摘　　要：地下结构作为上部结构的重要组成部分,近年来经常发生各种工程质量事故,无梁楼盖作为地下结构重要的结构形式,接连发生坍塌事故,对此在设计阶段从荷载取值到计算方法,再到坍塌事故实例进行了具体分析,指明设计阶段楼板应增加防塌落钢筋,增加构造暗梁,施工阶段应控制覆土回填方式,加强大型机械运输管理。对地下室外墙开裂原因进行分析,针对弯曲裂缝、温度裂缝、干缩裂缝形成特点分别提出预防方法。常见的温度裂缝采用后浇带、伸缩缝及膨胀加强带的方式处理。对已产生裂缝采用高压注浆的方式修补,注意修补后的封堵处理。The underground structure,an important part of the superstructure,has often experienced various engineering quality accidents in recent years,while the flat-plate floor,an important structural form of the underground structure,has collapsed one after another.Hereto concretely analyze the matters from the load value,the calculation method and then to collapse accident cases in the design stage,and point out that the floor slab should be added anti-collapse steel bars and structural hidden beams in the design stage,the soil backfill method should be controlled as well as the management of large-scale machinery transportation should be strengthened.Besides,the reasons for the cracking of the basement exterior wall are analyzed,and the respective prevention methods for bending cracks,temperature cracks and desiccation fissures are put forward.Common temperature cracks are treated by using post-casting strips,expansion joints and expansion reinforcement strips.The high-pressure grouting method should be used to repair the existing cracks,meanwhile,the plugging treatment after repair should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：无梁楼盖 冲切破坏 防塌落设计 膨胀加强带 

分 类 号：TU924[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]