接地装置地表铺设复合高阻层对保护人身安全的影响  

Effect of Composite High-resistivity Layer on Ground Surface of Grounding Device on Personal Safety Protection

作　　者：张波[1] 傅强[2] 钟志刚[3] 滕达[3] 石丹[4] ZHANG Bo;FU Qiang;ZHONG Zhigang;TENG Da;SHI Dan(State Key Lab of Power Systems,Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;China United Network Communications Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China;China Information Consulting&Designing Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450007,China;Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China)

机构地区：[1]电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机系),北京100084 [2]中国联合网络通信集团有限公司,北京100044 [3]中讯邮电咨询设计院有限公司,河南郑州450007 [4]北京邮电大学,北京100876

出　　处：《智慧电力》2022年第12期1-6,共6页Smart Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1866212)。

摘　　要：在接地工程中通过在地表铺设防护层来提高人体的耐受能力是一种经济有效的方法。在传统铺设单一高阻层的方法基础上,提出了高阻层和低阻层的复合层防护方法。基于地电位对人身安全的作用机理、人体耐受电流的影响因素等全面分析了复合高阻层的特点和有效性,并分析了复合层参数对地表电位、接触电位差、跨步电位差、大地等效电阻、人体耐受限值等影响。研究表明:在高阻层的下面增设低阻层对接地电阻、接触电势的影响很小,但可以显著降低跨步电位差,原始土壤电阻率越高,低阻层的效果越好。低阻层的厚度取0.1~0.2 m时,即使其电阻率达50Ω·m也具有良好的降低跨步电势的效果,布置位置比较灵活。In grounding engineering,it is an economical and effective method to improve the human body’s tolerance by laying a protective layer on earth surface. Based on the traditional method of laying a single high-resistance layer,this paper proposes a composite layer with high-resistance layer and low-resistance layer. According to the mechanism of ground potential on personal safety and the influencing factors of human body withstand current,the characteristics and effectiveness of composite high-resistance layers are comprehensively analyzed,and the influence of the parameters of the composite layer on the ground surface potential,contact potential difference,step potential difference,earth equivalent resistance,and human body tolerance limit is analyzed. The research shows that adding a low-resistance layer under the high-resistance layer has little effect on the grounding resistance and touch potential,but can significantly reduce the step potential difference. The higher the original soil resistivity,the better the effect of the low-resistance layer. When the thickness of the low-resistance layer is 0.1 to 0.2 m,even if its resistivity reaches 50 Ω·m,it has a good effect of reducing the step potential. Therefore,the position of the layer is flexible.

关 键 词：接地网 接地电阻 接触电位差 跨步电位差 高阻层 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]