2型糖尿病患者饮食依从性及影响因素分析  

Analysis of dietary compliance of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influencing factors

作　　者：唐鑫 李蕊 陆静文 郭开云 李文婧 张艳 TANG Xin;LI Rui;LU Jingwen;GUO Kaiyun;LI Wenjing;ZHANG Yan(School of Nursing,University of South China,Hu′nan Province,Hengyang 421001,China;School of Clinical Medicine,University of South China,Hu′nan Province,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学护理学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学衡阳医学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2023年第2期175-177,181,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19A423);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30605);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目[(湘教通〔2021〕197号)编号:2836]。

摘　　要：目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食依从性现状及其影响因素。方法选取2021年12月至2022年5月于衡阳市南华附属第一医院住院的204例T2DM患者作为研究对象,采用非条件logistic回归分析T2DM患者饮食依从性的影响因素。结果204例患者的饮食依从性得分为(48.4±55.61)分,其中有依从性者99例(48.5%),无依从性者105例(51.5%)。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、医保类型、文化程度、病程、家族史、居住情况、知觉障碍及自我效能的T2DM患者的饮食依从性情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,医保类型(β=1.077,OR=2.937,95%CI=1.200~7.187)、文化程度(β=1.427,OR=4.168,95%CI=1.317~13.195)、自我效能(β=0.063,OR=1.065,95%CI=1.038~1.093)是影响T2DM患者饮食依从性的独立危险因素,知觉障碍(β=-0.291,OR=0.747,95%CI=0.629~0.888)是影响T2DM患者饮食依从性的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论T2DM患者饮食依从性现状处于中等偏下水平,受医保类型、文化程度、知觉障碍、自我效能的影响。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of dietary compliance of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 204 T2DM patients hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua in Hengyang City from December 2021 to May 2022 were selected as research subjects.The influencing factors of dietary compliance in T2DM patients were analyzed by unconditioned logistic regression.Results The dietary compliance scores of 204 patients were(48.45±5.61)points,including 99 patients(48.5%)with compliance and 105 patients(51.5%)without compliance.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in dietary compliance among T2DM patients with different ages,types of health insurance,educational level,course of disease,family history,living conditions,perceptual impairment and self-efficacy(P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the type of medical insurance(β=1.077,OR=2.937,95%CI=1.200-7.187),educational level(β=1.427,OR=4.168,95%CI=1.317-13.195),self-efficacy(β=0.063,OR=1.065,95%CI=1.038-1.093)were independent risk factors of dietary compliance in T2DM patients,perceptual impairment(β=-0.291,OR=0.747,95%CI=0.629-0.888)was protective factor of dietary compliance in T2DM patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The status of dietary compliance of T2DM patients is at the lower middle level,which is affected by medical insurance type,educational level,perceptual barrier,self-efficacy.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 饮食 依从性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]