拖曳体内波尾迹水下/水面波流特征试验研究  

Experimental study on characteristics of water surface flow and underwater flow for internal waves generated by a towed body in a stratified fluid

作　　者：高德宝[1,2] 张军 周根水[1,2] 苏博越 姚志崇 洪方文 GAO De-bao;ZHANG Jun;ZHOU Gen-shui;SU Bo-yue;YAO Zhi-chong;Hong Fang-wen(National Key Laboratory on Ship Vibration&Noise,China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China;Taihu Laboratory of Deep-sea Technological Science,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心船舶振动噪声重点实验室,江苏无锡214082 [2]深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶力学》2023年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779232)。

摘　　要：内波水面效应对于水下航行体探测具有重要意义,目前关于水下航行体内波尾迹水面特征的相关研究还较少。本文介绍了在大型分层流试验水池中同时开展的以研究内波尾迹特征及其诱导的水面流动特征的拖曳体内波水下/水面尾迹特征试验研究。研究采用电导率仪阵列测量拖曳体(SUBOFF)水下内波波高场及其随时间变化,采用基于光学粒子图像互相关分析的流场测试方法测量拖曳体激发内波诱导的水面流场,并定量分析拖曳体激发的内波波长及其扰动引起水面流动的波长。研究表明:所采用的水面流场测量方法可以测量水面mm/s低速流动。在低傅汝德数Fr_(i)下(Fr_(i)≤2.14),分层流体中拖曳体水面尾迹特征主要受水下体效应内波影响,其水面尾迹波长及传播速度与水下内波的波长、传播速度基本一致;随着Fr_(i)的增加(2.14≤Fr_(i)≤3.42),在水下尾流效应内波逐渐增强,但在水面流场未见明显尾流效应内波影响;随着Fr_(i)的进一步增加(3.42≤Fr_(i)≤10.27),水下呈现出明显的尾流效应内波特征,由于表面波效应增强,水面流动主要表现为Kelvin波特征。The internal wave surface effect is of great significance to the detection of underwater vehicles.Few studies have been carried out on the surface characteristics of internal waves(IWs)wakes.In order to study the characteristics of internal wave wakes and the induced surface flow characteristics,an experimental study on underwater/water surface characteristics of IWs generated by a towed body was carried out at a large stratified fluid tank.Conductivity arrays were used to measure the underwater wave height field and its varia⁃tion;the particle image cross-correlation method was used to measure surface flow induced by IWs.And the underwater/surface wavelength characteristics of the IW induced by the towed body were quantitatively ana⁃lyzed.The results show that the particle image cross-correlation method presented in this paper can be used to measure the micro-velocity flow on the order of mm/s.At a low internal Froude number(Fr_(i)≤2.14),the wake characteristics of both the surface flow field and the underwater wave height field are mainly affected by body-generated IWs,and the wavelength and wave velocity of the surface flow field is basically the same as that of the underwater wave height field.With the increase of the Froude number(2.14≤Fr_(i)≤3.42),the wake generated IWs are gradually enhanced,but the wake-generated IWs have no obvious effect on the water sur⁃face flow.With the increase of the Froude number(3.42≤Fr_(i)≤10.27),the wake-generated IWs wave height field has obvious IWs characteristics in the water while the Kelvin wave is the main feature of the water sur⁃face flow.

关 键 词：分层流体 内波尾迹 水面流场 水下特征 

分 类 号：Q353.2[生物学—遗传学]