欧盟生物多样性保护治理体系:特点、动因及启示  

The EU Biodiversity Conservation Governance System:Characteristics,Drivers and Insights

作　　者：王思丹 WANG Sidan

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际关系研究所

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2023年第1期146-160,174,175,共17页Yuejiang Academic Journal

基　　金：共青团中央“青少年发展研究”课题“青年参与全球气候变化治理的路径和特点研究”(22XT064);外交学院中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“中国环境治理体系现代化与全球治理”项目(3162019ZYKD10)。

摘　　要：欧盟生物多样性治理是《欧洲绿色新政》的重要组成部分,与环境、海洋、森林、农业、气候等领域相互交织。欧洲生物多样性治理在历史进程中呈现功能叠加的特点,生物多样性治理不仅是《欧洲绿色新政》的行动重点,也体现出多领域、多层次、多部门相互嵌入彼此关联的治理逻辑。从多层次治理角度看,欧盟生物多样性保护在国际生物多样性制度建设、欧盟生物多样性战略、成员国内部环境政治和地方执行层面形成相互制约、影响和协调的关系。此外,包括国际组织、非政府组织、商业团体和科研机构等在内的多元行为体连接欧盟多层次治理结构,在生物多样性治理中发挥重要作用。欧盟生物多样性治理在政策实践方面对我国具有重要参考价值,中欧生物多样性治理合作存在广阔的发展空间,是双方参与全球环境治理的重要机遇和平台,但是也要注意发展阶段、国情和国家能力等方面的显著差异。中欧生物多样性合作应迈向制度化发展,从而支持和推进其他领域的交流合作。Biodiversity governance in the EU is an important part of the European Green New Deal and is intertwined with the environment, oceans, forests, agriculture, climate and other areas.Biodiversity governance in Europe has been characterised by an overlapping of functions in the course of its history. Biodiversity governance is not only the focus of action in the European Green New Deal, but also reflects a multi-disciplinary, multi-level and multi-sectoral governance logic that is embedded in each other. From the perspective of multi-level governance, EU biodiversity conservation forms a relationship of mutual constraint, influence and coordination at the level of international biodiversity regime building, EU biodiversity strategy, internal environmental politics of member states and local implementation. In addition,multiple actors, including international organisations, NGOs, business groups and scientific institutions, link the EU’s multi-level governance structure and play an important role in biodiversity governance. The EU biodiversity governance has important reference value for China in terms of policy practices, and there is a wide scope for the development of Sino-European cooperation on biodiversity governance, which is an important opportunity and platform for both sides to participate in global environmental governance, but we should also pay attention to the significant differences in terms of development stages, national conditions and national capacities. The Sino-European cooperation on biodiversity should move towards institutionalised development, thus supporting and promoting exchanges and cooperation in other areas.

关 键 词：欧盟 生物多样性 《欧洲绿色新政》 多层次治理 多元行为体 全球环境治理 环境领导力 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]