高压水射流喷水推进装置空化流动及推力特性仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Cavitation Flow and Thrust Characteristics of High-pressure Waterjet Propulsion Device

作　　者：暴春航 龙新平 梁蕴致[1,2] 张祖提 张增磊 BAO Chun-hang;LONG Xin-ping;LIANG Yun-zhi;ZHANG Zu-ti;ZHANG Zeng-lei(Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Waterjet Theory&New Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430072;School of Power and Mechanical Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072;Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430072)

机构地区：[1]水射流理论与新技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《液压与气动》2023年第1期32-43,共12页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51905186);湖北省自然科学基金(2020CFB605)。

摘　　要：高压水射流喷水推进器是一种新型推进装置,其高速射流具有强剪切作用并将引起剧烈的剪切空化,从而对推力性能会产生重要影响。利用大涡模拟对推进装置的强剪切空化射流特性进行了仿真研究,探究了空化射流的流动机理及空化云演变规律,分析了空化现象对反推力特性的影响。结果表明:高速射流射入自由水域时将产生大量低压旋涡从而诱导剪切空化,并对反推力具有一定的增强作用,反推力增幅随空化程度的增强而增大;但受空化云形态变化影响,反推力将呈现脉动特性,其脉动幅值随着空化程度加剧逐渐增大,脉动主频随空化程度加剧而逐渐减小。High pressure waterjet propulsion is a new type of propulsion device.It s high-speed jet has strong shear action and will cause severe shear cavitation,which will have an important influence on thrust performance.In this paper,large eddy simulation is used to simulate the characteristics of the strong shear cavitation jet of the propulsion device,the flow mechanism of the cavitation jet and the evolution law of the cavitation cloud are explored,and the influence of the cavitation phenomenon on the thrust characteristics is analyzed.The results show that a large number of low-pressure vortexes will be generated when the high-speed jet enters the free water area to induce shear cavitation and enhance the reverse thrust.The increase of reverse thrust increases with the increase of cavitation degree.However,affected by the morphological changes of the cavitation cloud,the reverse thrust presents a pulsation characteristic,and the pulsation amplitude increases gradually with the aggravation of the cavitation degree,while the dominant frequency of the pulsation decreases.

关 键 词：高压水射流 喷水推进 大涡模拟 剪切空化 反推力 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] T130[一般工业技术]