直接酸浸-溶剂萃取法从废油加氢催化剂中回收钒和镍  

Recovery of vanadium and nickel from spent-residue oil hydrotreating catalyst by direct acid leaching-solvent extraction

作　　者：滕青 杨志超[1] 王洪君 Qing TENG;Zhi-chao YANG;Hong-jun WANG(College of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Technical Quality Department,Hongwang Holding Group,Foshan 528311,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,太原030024 [2]宏旺控股集团有限公司技术质量部,佛山528311

出　　处：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2023年第1期325-336,共12页中国有色金属学报（英文版）

基　　金：the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province,China(No.20210302124061)。

摘　　要：采用直接酸浸-溶剂萃取法从废油加氢催化剂中选择性萃取分离钒和镍。钒(Ⅳ)和镍(Ⅱ)的萃取分离分为两步:钒和镍的酸浸以及溶剂萃取。首先,通过酸浸实现钒和镍的高效浸取,浸出率分别为88.07%和75.58%。其次,逆流萃取实验表明,在酸性环境下以P204作为钒的高效萃取剂进行三段萃取,钒的萃取率为99.21%,而镍和铁则不萃取。钒萃取余液经氨水-硫酸铵脱铝预处理后,在氨介质中以LIX84-Ⅰ作为镍的高效萃取剂进行三段萃取,镍的萃取率为99.79%。这种钒镍回收的工艺流程不仅可以实现钒和镍的分离回收,而且可以实现试剂的循环利用。A process for the selective extraction and separation of vanadium and nickel from spent-residue oil hydrotreating catalysts by a direct acid leaching-solvent extraction method was studied.The extraction and separation of vanadium(Ⅳ)and nickel(Ⅱ)are divided into two stages:acid coleaching of vanadium and nickel and solvent extraction.In the acid coleaching stage,the leaching ratios of vanadium and nickel reach 88.07%and 75.58%,respectively,which can realize highly effective coleaching.In the solvent extraction stage,countercurrent experiments show that the extraction ratio of vanadium can reach 99.21%after a three-stage extraction with P204 as the high-efficiency extractant of vanadium in the acidic environment,while nickel and iron are not extracted.After the anti-extraction solution is pretreated by aluminum precipitation,the extraction ratio of nickel reaches 99.79%after a three-stage extraction with LIX84-Ⅰas a high-efficiency extractant of nickel in ammonia medium.A process flow for the recovery of vanadium and nickel is proposed,which not only can realize the separation and recovery of vanadium and nickel but also can realize the recycling of reagents.

关 键 词：废油加氢催化剂 酸浸 溶剂萃取 钒 镍 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学]