复方中草药制剂对天府麻鸭生长、免疫及肠道微生物区系的影响  

Effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation on growth,immunity and intestinal microflora of Tianfu sheldrake

作　　者：海思娆 陈佳雯 马立 汪洋[1] 王正 金鑫 吴倩 贺卫华[2] 冯士彬 王希春[1] HAI Sirao;CHEN Jiawen;MA Li;WANG Yang;WANG Zheng;JIN Xin;WU Qian;HE Weihua;FENG Shibin;WANG Xichun(School of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,Taizhou 225300)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,合肥230036 [2]江苏农牧科技职业学院,泰州225300

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2022年第5期755-763,共9页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501205)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究复方中药制剂对天府麻鸭的生长性能、免疫机能、抗氧化能力和肠道微生物区系的影响,选取120只1日龄天府麻鸭随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只,预饲7 d。试验Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,在对照组基础上分别加入0.5%(Ⅱ组)、1%(Ⅲ组)和1.5%(Ⅳ组)的复方中药制剂,试验期20 d。各试验组分别于0、10和20 d取样,分别测定天府麻鸭的生长性能、免疫性能力、血清氧化与抗氧化指数及其肠道菌群的变化。结果表明,与对照组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的平均体增重和平均日增重极显著增加(P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01),各组间平均日采食量差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组胸腺指数,Ⅳ组脾脏指数,Ⅲ组C3含量,Ⅱ组Ig A浓度和Ⅳ组IFN-γ浓度均有改善(P<0.05),Ⅳ组C3、C4含量,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组Ig A、Ig M含量,Ⅳ组Ig G含量和Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IL-4含量极显著增加(P<0.01);试验Ⅲ组SOD活性与Ⅳ组T-AOC活性均明显增加(P<0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组GSH-Px活性极显著升高(P<0.01),Ⅲ组MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅳ组MDA含量极显著降低(P<0.01);Ⅱ组盲肠内细菌丰富度下降(P<0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组微生物多样性极显著降低(P<0.01),其中包括了变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度逐渐下降,拟杆菌门的相对丰度上升,拟杆菌属、丁醋丝膜菌属和巴恩斯氏菌属的相对丰度逐渐上升,另枝菌属和嗜胆菌属的相对丰度则逐渐减少。试验表明,复方中草药制剂能够促进天府麻鸭的生长,提高免疫机能和抗氧化性能,并改善肠道菌群结构。In order to explore the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation on the growth performance,immune function,antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora of Tianfu sheldrake,120 one-day-old Tianfu sheldrakes were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 6 sheldrakes in each replicate,and preliminary fed for 7 days.Sheldrakes in the control group(groupⅠ)were fed with a basal diet,and 0.5%(groupⅡ),1.0%(groupⅢ)and 1.5%(groupⅣ)of compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation were added to the basal diet.The trial was conducted for 20 days.The samples in the experimental groups were collected at 0,10 and 20 days,and the growth performance,immune capacity,serum oxidation,antioxidant indexes and intestinal microflora of Tianfu sheldrake were determined,respectively.The results indicated that compared with the control group,average weight gain(AWG)and average daily gain(ADG)inⅢandⅣgroups were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in average daily feed intake(ADFI)among the experimental groups(P>0.05).The thymus index of sheldrakes of groupⅢandⅣ,spleen index of groupⅣ,C3 content in groupⅢ,IgA content in groupⅡand IFN-γcontent in groupⅣwere improved(P<0.05),the C3 and C4 contents in groupⅣ,IgA and IgM contents in groupⅢandⅣ,IgG content in group IV,and IL-4 contents in groupsⅢand IV were significantly increased(P<0.01);the SOD activity in groupⅢand T-AOC activity in group IV were increased(P<0.05),the GSH-Px activities in groupⅢand IV were significantly increased(P<0.01);the MDA content in groupⅢwas decreased(P<0.05),and MDA content in group IV was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The bacterial richness in cecum of groupⅡwas decreased(P<0.05),and the microbial diversity of groupsⅢand IV significantly was significantly decreased(P<0.01),including the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinomycetes were gradually decreased,

关 键 词：天府麻鸭 复方中草药制剂 生长性能 免疫功能 抗氧化性能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S834.83[农业科学—畜牧学]