高速水射流冲击下航空有机玻璃(PMMA)损伤行为  

Damage behavior of aeronautical perspex(PMMA)under high-velocity water jet impact

作　　者：王旋 徐金瑾 侯乃丹 李玉龙[1,2] WANG Xuan;XU Jinjin;HOU Naidan;LI Yulong(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and its Engineering Application,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072 [2]陕西省冲击动力学及工程应用重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第12期334-346,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11832015,51805538);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2020 JQ-476);中国博士后科学基金(2020M683570,2021T140561)。

摘　　要：飞行器高速经过雨区时,风挡玻璃等部件容易受到雨滴的冲击侵蚀。为探究飞行器风挡玻璃的雨蚀损伤行为,基于一级轻气炮搭建了单射流冲击试验平台(SIJA),并对航空定向及非定向有机玻璃(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,PMMA)进行了不同速度的射流冲击试验。结果表明受高速射流冲击时,定向有机玻璃主要表现为面下分层的银纹损伤,而非定向有机玻璃主要表现为表面损伤。随着冲击速度不断提升,两种有机玻璃试样都出现了表面剥离损伤,且定向有机玻璃的剥离损伤更为严重。通过对试样内部应力波传播及损伤扩展的观察发现,定向有机玻璃面下分层为剪切波主导,且这一损伤模式更容易造成剥离,多次冲击后的试验结果也进一步证明了这一结论。同时根据聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)压电薄膜得到的冲击阶段冲量对损伤进行了评估与预测,发现损伤面积与冲量呈线性关系。When the high-speed aircraft flies through the rain field,the components such as windshield are susceptible to the impact of rain droplets.To investigate the damage behavior of windshield glass under rain droplets impact,a Single Impact Jet Apparatus(SIJA)was established based on the one-stage light-gas gun,and water jet impact tests were conducted on oriented and unoriented perspex(Polymethyl Methacrylate,PMMA)specimens.The results indicate that when impacted by the high-speed water jet,the main damage mode for the oriented perspex specimen is subsurface crazing fracture,while the main damage mode for the unoriented perspex specimen is surface damage.With increasing impingement velocity,peeling appears on the surface of both specimens,and is more severe for the oriented perspex specimen.Observation of the stress wave and damage propagation inside the samples finds that the subsurface delamination of the oriented perspex specimen is caused by the shear wave,and this damaged mode is more likely to cause peeling.This conclusion is further verified by multiple impact tests.The damage is also evaluated and predicted by the impulse obtained by the Polyvinylidene Fluoride(PVDF)piezoelectric film,and it is found that the damaged area is linear with the impulse.

关 键 词：有机玻璃(PMMA) 液固冲击 水射流 雨蚀损伤 PVDF压电薄膜 

分 类 号：V255[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]