儿童吸入过敏原与食物过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E的分布特征分析  

Analysis of distribution characteristics of inhaled allergen and food allergen specific immunoglobulin E in children

作　　者：张旭东 向莉[1] 姜楠楠 皇惠杰 范文乐 Zhang Xudong;Xiang Li;Jiang Nannan;Huang Huijie;Fan Wenle(Departmentof Allergy,Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children's Health,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心,首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院过敏反应科,儿科重大疾病研究教育部重点实验室,国家呼吸系统疾病临床医学研究中心,100045

出　　处：《北京医学》2022年第11期1006-1010,共5页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：国家呼吸系统疾病临床医学研究中心呼吸专项(HXZX-20210203)。

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(specific immunoglobulin E,sIgE)的分布情况,为儿童过敏性疾病诊断和过敏原规避提供科学依据。方法选择2019年1—12月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院采用荧光酶联免疫法检测的吸入过敏原和食物过敏原sIgE定量检测数据,回顾性分析吸入过敏原和食物过敏原sIgE在不同性别、年龄儿童和检测时间的分布特征。结果吸入过敏原组4677例,吸入过敏原组阳性率为46.1%(2156例),常见的前3位吸入过敏原依次为艾蒿(23.3%)、链格孢(22.9%)和粉尘螨(20.5%);食物过敏原组5862例,食物过敏原组阳性率26.3%(1542例),常见的前3位食物过敏原依次为牛奶(20.9%)、鸡蛋白(19.8%)和小麦(14.1%)。吸入过敏原与食物过敏原sIgE阳性个数集中在1~2个。吸入过敏原组中男2946例,女1731例,男性阳性率高于女性[48.9%(1440例)比42.1%(729例)];食物过敏原组中男3491例,女2371例,男性阳性率高于女性[38.8%(1354例)比23.7%(562例)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。儿童吸入过敏原阳性率随着年龄增长逐渐上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);随着年龄增长,儿童食物过敏原中的大豆、蟹、虾阳性率逐渐上升,而鸡蛋白、牛奶、小麦和花生阳性率逐渐下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。吸入过敏原阳性率在3月和9月份明显升高。结论儿童过敏原阳性率在不同性别、年龄段和检测时间均有差异。除狗皮屑外,男性过敏原阳性率均高于女性,儿童生长发育中过敏原从食物过敏原过渡到吸入过敏原。吸入性过敏原阳性率随检测时间变化呈波动性。Objective To explore the distribution of allergen specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)in children,and provide scientific basis for the diagnosis and allergen avoidance of allergic disease in children.Methods The quantitative detection data of inhaled allergen and food allergen s IgE detected by fluorescence enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in Beijing Children’s Hospital,Capital Medical University from January to December,2019 were selected,and the distribution characteristics of inhaled allergen and food allergen sIgE in children of different genders,ages and testing time were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 4677 cases in inhaled allergen group,and the positive rate was 46.1%(2156 cases).The top three common inhaled allergens were artemisia argyi(23.3%),alternaria alternata(22.9%)and dermatophagoides farinae(20.5%).There were 5862 cases in food allergen group,and the positive rate was 26.3%(1542 cases).The first three common food allergens were milk(20.9%),egg white(19.8%)and wheat(14.1%).The positive cases of inhaled and food allergen sIgE were concentrated in 1~2 items.There were 2946 males and 1731 females in the inhaled allergen group,and the positive rate of males was higher than that of females[48.9%(1440 cases)vs.42.1%(729 cases)].There were3491 males and 2371 females in the food allergen group,and the positive rate of males was higher than that of females[38.8%(1354 cases)vs.23.7%(562 cases)],the differences were both statistically significant(P<0.001).The positive rate of inhaled allergens in children gradually increased with age,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).With the increase of age,the positive rates of soybean,crab and shrimp in children’s food allergens gradually increased,while the positive rates of egg white,milk,wheat and peanut gradually decreased,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.001).The positive rate of inhaled allergens increased significantly in March and September.Conclusions The positive rate of allergen in children is differ

关 键 词：过敏原 特异性免疫球蛋白E 定量检测 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]