生物炭与凹凸棒对土壤水力特性的影响  

Effects of Biochar and Attapulgite on Soil Hydraulic Properties

作　　者：赵文举[1] 徐浩 吴克倩 曹伟 ZHAO Wen-ju;XU Hao;WU Ke-qian;CAO Wei(College of Energy&Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第1期64-70,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51869010)。

摘　　要：选取生物炭、凹凸棒两种土壤改良剂,以纯土为CK,设置3种生物炭质量比(0%、2%、4%)与3种凹凸棒质量比(0%、2%、4%),通过测定土壤水分特征曲线,并结合电镜试验,分析不同生物炭与凹凸棒添加比例下土壤当量孔隙分布、比水容量、水分常数及土壤微观结构变化,研究生物炭与凹凸棒对土壤水力特性的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,生物炭与凹凸棒均能增强土壤持水能力。不添加凹凸棒时,土壤持水能力随着生物炭的添加而增强;添加2%凹凸棒时,土壤持水能力随着生物炭的添加而减弱;添加4%凹凸棒时,土壤持水能力随着生物炭的添加而增强。单独添加生物炭可以增大土壤比水容量,单独添加凹凸棒会减小土壤比水容量。添加凹凸棒后,施加2%生物炭可以明显增大土壤比水容量。施加生物炭与凹凸棒的土壤残余含水率较CK增大15.6%~103.1%;重力水较CK降低0%~7.1%。不添加凹凸棒时,极微孔隙随着生物炭的添加而增加;添加2%凹凸棒时,极微孔隙随着生物炭的添加而减少;添加4%凹凸棒时,极微孔隙随着生物炭的添加而增加。通过微观结构分析得出生物炭与凹凸棒会使得土壤颗粒接触紧密,出现桥接状垒结。以期为西北旱区土壤环境改善提供一定的理论支持。In this paper,two soil conditioners,biochar and attapulgite,were selected,pure soil was used as CK,and three mass ratios of biochar(0%,2%,4%)and three mass ratios of attapulgite(0%,2%,4%)were set.By measuring soil water characteristic curve and combining with electron microscopy test,the soil equivalent pore distribution,specific water capacity,water constant and soil microstructure changes under different ratios of biochar and attapulgite were analyzed,and the effects of biochar and attapulgite on soil hydraulic characteristics were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,both biochar and attapulgite could enhance soil water holding capacity.When no attapulgite was added,the soil water-holding capacity increased with the addition of biochar;when 2%attapulgite was added,the soil waterholding capacity decreased with the addition of biochar;when 4%attapulgite was added,the soil water-holding capacity enhanced with the addition of biochar.The addition of biochar alone can increase the soil specific water capacity,and the addition of attapulgite alone can reduce the soil specific water capacity.After adding attapulgite,the application of 2% biochar can significantly increase the soil specific water capacity.Compared with CK,the residual water content of soil with biochar and attapulgite increased by 15.6%~103.1%;compared with CK,gravity water decreased by 0%~7.1%.When no attapulgite was added,the micropores increased with the addition of biochar;when2%attapulgite was added,the micropores decreased with the addition of biochar;when 4%attapulgite was added,the micropores increased with the addition of biochar.The microstructure analysis showed that the biochar and attapulgite would make the soil particles in close contact,resulting in bridging junctions.The study result will provide some theoretical support for the improvement of soil environment in the northwest arid region.

关 键 词：生物炭 凹凸棒 水力特性 van-Genuchten模型 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]