基于“源-汇”理论的汾河太原段非点源污染识别  

Identification of Non-point Source Pollution in Taiyuan Section of Fenhe River Based on the“Source-Sink”Theory

作　　者：付绍桐 甄志磊 刘旭 王倩 马浩天 FU Shao-tong;ZHEN Zhi-lei;LIU Xu;WANG Qian;MA Hao-tian(College of Urban and Rural Construction,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi Province,China;Hohhot Eco-environmental Science and Technology Promotion Center,Hohhot 010090,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学城乡建设学院,山西晋中030801 [2]呼和浩特市生态环境科技推广中心,呼和浩特010090

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第1期116-121,127,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0143)。

摘　　要：“源”“汇”景观格局是指既能促进非点源污染过程的正向演变,又能阻止/延缓生态过程的景观类型或单元。采用2020年太原市高分辨率遥感影像分类提取研究区景观格局分布信息,基于“源”“汇”理论和洛伦兹曲线分析景观空间分布对非点源污染的影响,并提出非点源污染防治的景观格局优化建议。结果表明:太原市非点源污染风险总体较高,“源”景观为主导作用的景观单元占62.87%。太原市中部非点源污染风险较高、东西山区较低。以“源”景观为主的景观类型位于太原市中部汾河两岸的建设用地,为极高风险区,占整体区域面积的17.69%,而太原市东西两侧山体以“汇”景观类型(主要是林地)为主,污染风险较小。基于坡度因子和河道距离因子的“源”“汇”景观污染负荷之比均大于1,在坡度要素中“汇”景观广泛分布于高坡度区,景观布局合理;河道距离要素中“源”景观分布在距河道近的区域,易导致非点源污染。The landscape pattern of source and sink refers to the landscape type or unit which can not only promote the positive evolution of non-point source pollution process,but also prevent/delay the ecological process.In this study,the landscape pattern distribution information of the study area was extracted by Taiyuan high-resolution remote sensing image classification in 2020.Based on“Source-Sink”Theory and Lorentz curve,the influence of landscape spatial distribution on non-point source pollution was analyzed,and the landscape pattern optimization suggestions for non-point source pollution prevention and control were put forward.The results show that the overall risk of nonpoint source pollution in Taiyuan city is relatively high,and the landscape units dominated by the“source”landscape account for 62.87%.The risk of non-point source pollution in the central part of Taiyuan is higher than that in the eastern and western mountainous areas.The main type of“source”landscape is located in the construction land on both sides of the Fenhe River in the middle of Taiyuan City,which is an extremely high risk area,accounting for 17.69% of the total area,while the pollution risk of the“sink”landscape type(woodland)on the east and west sides of Taiyuan City is relatively small.Based on slope factor and river distance factor,the ratio of“source”and“sink”landscape pollution load is greater than 1.Among the slope factors,“sink”landscape is widely distributed in high slope areas,and the landscape layout is reasonable.Among the river distance factors,the"source"landscape is distributed in the area close to the river,which is easy to lead to non-point source pollution.

关 键 词：非点源污染 汾河太原段 “源-汇”理论 景观格局 

分 类 号：S759.92[农业科学—森林经理学] TV212.3[农业科学—林学] P95[水利工程—水文学及水资源]