EMS诱变对西瓜种子萌发及农艺性状的影响  

Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on Seed Germination and Agronomic Traits of Watermelon

作　　者：翟永琪 贾利[2,3] 马绍鋆 江海坤[2,3] 丁强强 张其安[2,3] 孙学良 张涛 宋江华[1] 严从生 ZHAI Yongqi;JIA Li;MA Shaojun;JIANG Haikun;DING Qiangqiang;ZHANG Qi’an;SUN Xueliang;ZHANG Tao;SONG Jianghua;YAN Congsheng(College of Horticulture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,Anhui,China;Institute of Horticulture,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Eco-physiology of Horticultural Crop,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学园艺学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,安徽合肥230031 [3]园艺作物种质创制及生理生态安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第1期52-59,共8页China Vegetables

基　　金：安徽省农业科学院青年英才经费资助项目(QNYC-201906);安徽省重点研发计划项目(202104b11020006);安徽省科技重大专项(202203a06020018);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-25);安徽省蔬菜产业技术体系专项经费资助项目〔皖农科函(2021)711号〕。

摘　　要：以高代自交系W-17-FGFB为试验材料,设置4个EMS浓度(0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%)和3个诱变时间(12、16、24 h)处理,研究不同诱变条件对西瓜种子发芽率、出苗率以及田间农艺性状的影响。结果表明:低浓度(0.5%~1.5%)EMS 3个时间处理的西瓜种子发芽率均在68%以上;2.0%EMS处理24 h的致死率接近半致死量。诱变处理后西瓜植株在叶形、叶色、花器官、果实等表型性状均表现出丰富的变异。综合各项指标,筛选出2.0%EMS浸种24 h为西瓜种子突变的最适宜诱导条件,可以获得丰富的表型变异材料。This paper took the highly inbred line‘W-17-FGFB’as test material;set 4 EMS concentration(0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%)combined with 3 mutation times(12 h,16 h,24 h)treatments;and studied the effects of different mutated conditions on germination rate,seedling emergence rate,and field agronomic characters of watermelon.The results showed that the germination rates of watermelon seeds were all above 68%when treated with the low concentration(0.5%-1.5%)of EMS with 3 time treatments.The lethality was closest to the semi-lethal dose when treated with 2.0%EMS for 24 h.The plants performed rich phenotypic variations in leaf shape,leaf color,flower and fruit.According to the results of comprehensive evaluation,2.0%EMS concentration with seed soaking for 24 h was selected as the most suitable condition for watermelon seeds mutation.Thus,materials with abundant phenotypic variation could be obtained.

关 键 词：西瓜 EMS诱变 突变体 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]