煤矿顶板超深孔爆破对巷道围岩稳定性影响研究  

Study on influence of ultra-deep hole roof blasting on stability of surrounding rock of roadway

作　　者：陈大勇[1] 黄炳香[1] 吴占伟 江续飞 王茗可 郭英 邵鲁英 焦雪杰 CHEN Dayong;HUANG Bingxiang;WU Zhanwei;JIANG Xufei;WANG Mingke;GUO Ying;SHAO Luying;JIAO Xujie(State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2022年第6期1135-1142,共8页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902105);国家自然科学基金项目(51604261)。

摘　　要：超深孔爆破在预防煤矿厚硬顶板致灾方面发挥重要作用,然其附带产生的爆破动载对巷道围岩的作用大小及机制不明。为研究煤矿顶板超深孔爆破对巷道围岩稳定性的影响,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场工程实测等综合手段,研究煤矿顶板超深孔爆破时产生的爆炸应力波对巷道围岩整体结构的影响。基于爆破载荷诱发围岩失稳机理,推导出爆炸应力波影响范围理论公式。结果表明:在爆炸载荷作用下,岩体爆破裂隙区范围远小于爆点至巷道之间的距离,离爆点距离较远的范围内的岩石未发生结构性破坏,且处于爆点15~20m外的岩石虽受到爆炸应力波的影响,但未发生结构性破坏。现场工程实测数据显示:爆破后4个月内巷道两帮变形量均在3.0cm以内,顶腰变形量在8.0cm以内,且均在测量误差和可控范围内,说明此次顶板超深孔爆破并未对巷道围岩稳定性和支护体系造成影响。Ultra-deep hole blasting plays an vital role in preventing disasters caused by thick hard roofs in coal mines,but the magnitude and mechanism of the incidental blasting dynamic load on the surrounding rock of the roadway are unknown. In this work,methods of theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and on-site industrial test monitoring are taken to research the influence of ultra-deep hole roof blasting on surrounding rock stability of roadway. The theoretical formula of influence range of blast stress wave was derived based on the mechanism of rock instability induced by blasting load. The study found that,the range of rock blasting fracture zone is far less than the distance between the blasting point and the roadway under the action of explosion load. Although the zone has been affected by the explosion stress wave,no structural failure occurs in the range far from the blasting point and no structural failure occurs in the rock 15-20m away from the blasting point. The engineering data show that,after blasting,the deformation of both sides of the roadway is within 3.0cm and the deformation of the roof and waist is within 8.0cm in four months,which are within the measurement error and controllable range. It indicated that the ultra-deep hole roof blasting has not affected the stability of surrounding rock and support system of the roadway.

关 键 词：超深孔爆破 厚硬顶板 冲击地压 爆炸应力波 围岩动态响应 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]