基于3D扫描的深部砂岩动态破碎块体尺度特征与能量耗散规律试验研究  

Experimental study on scale characteristics and energy dissipation law of dynamic broken blocks of deep sandstone based on 3D scanning

作　　者：张庆贺 牛龙华 袁亮 郑天乐[1] 王晓蕊 李翎 ZHANG Qinghe;NIU Longhua;YUAN Liang;ZHENG Tianle;WANG Xiaorui;LI Ling(School of Civil Engineering and Construction,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan,Anhui232001,China;Institute of Energy,Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center,Hefei,Anhui230031,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control,Anhui University of Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2022年第6期1218-1226,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：安徽省教育厅协同创新项目(GXXT-2022-020);国家工程研究中心开放课题(EC2022011);国家重大科研仪器研制项目(52227901);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3004603)。

摘　　要：在不同的冲击荷载下,岩石会破碎成不同尺寸的块体或颗粒。为了对动态荷载下岩石的吸能特性和动态破碎块体的尺度特征进行定量研究,采用分离式霍普金森压杆系统(SHPB)对煤矿深部砂岩进行了动态压缩试验。得到了不同冲击荷载下岩石试件的动态压缩强度规律,分析了入射能对试件吸收能的影响和应变率效应。在此基础上,利用3D扫描技术、数字图像处理技术得到破碎块体的三维扫描模型,探讨了砂岩试件破碎块体尺度特征与吸收能量的关系。研究表明:砂岩试件的动态抗压强度和吸收能都具有明显的应变率效应,动态抗压强度和动态应变率近似呈线性关系,而吸收能则呈指数型关系;在不同的入射能量下,试件吸收的能量有所不同,吸收能随入射能呈线性增长;在应变率为54~221.9s^(-1)范围内,3D扫描技术能对砂岩破裂块体进行高精度数字重构;随着冲击荷载和输入能量的增大,试件破碎块体的形状逐渐丰富,破碎块体的粒径逐渐减小,比表面积逐渐增大,试件的破碎形态由大块体破断向小块体破碎转变。砂岩材料的破碎成形和能量耗散是材料的率效应机制。Under different impact loads,rocks are broken into blocks or particles of different sizes. In order to quantitatively study the energy absorption characteristics of rocks under dynamic loading and the scale characteristics of dynamically broken blocks,the separated Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)dynamic compression test was conducted on sandstone deep in coal mines. The dynamic compression strength laws of rock specimens under different impact loads were obtained,and the effects of incident energy on the absorbed energy densities of specimens and strain rate effects were explored. On this basis,the 3D scanning model of the crushed block was obtained by using 3D scanning technology and digital image processing technology,and the relationship between the scale characteristics of the crushed block and the absorbed energy of the sandstone specimen was explored. The study shows that:the dynamic compressive strength and absorbed energy of sandstone specimens have obvious strain rate effects,and the dynamic compressive strength and dynamic strain rate are approximately linear,while the absorbed energy shows an exponential relationship;the absorbed energy of the specimens differs at different incident energies,and the absorbed energy shows a linear increase with the incident energy;in the range of strain rate of 54-221. 9s^(-1),the 3D scanning technology can With the increase of impact load and input energy,the shape of broken block of specimen is gradually enriched,the particle size of broken block gradually decreases,block breaking. The broken shape and energy dissipation of brittle materials are the rate effect mechanism of materials.

关 键 词：分离式霍普金森压杆 动态压缩试验 3D扫描与数字图像技术 能量耗散 比表面积 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]