喷施铜和硼肥对忍冬生长生理及金银花品质的影响  

Effects of spraying copper and borax fertilizer on growth physiology of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and quality of Lonicerae japonicae flos

作　　者：彭雅萍 张佳钰 苏煜楹 孙莉琼 刘仙华 唐晓清[1] 廖治明 王康才[1] PENG Yaping;ZHANG Jiayu;SU Yuying;SUN Liqiong;LIU Xianhua;TANG Xiaoqing;LIAO Zhiming;WANG Kangcai(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Agriculture Development Company Limited,Xiajiang,Jiangxi Southern Farm,Xiajiang 331400,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江西峡江南农园农业发展有限公司,江西峡江331400

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第1期33-41,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：中药(材)资源保存与研究项目(KYZZ2021005);中央高校基本业务费专项资金(种质资源)(KYZZ2022002);江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ[2020]16)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在探究不同质量浓度的铜、硼肥对忍冬生长生理及金银花品质的影响,为优化忍冬栽培技术和提高其药材品质提供理论参考。[方法]采用铜肥(10、30、50 mg·L-1)、硼肥(20、40、60 mg·L-1)单施与组合配施的方法开展大田试验,测定忍冬叶片光合色素、花蕾生长指标及金银花营养物质、药用成分以及矿质离子含量等指标,以初步确定有利于其花的产量与药用品质提升的最佳铜、硼肥组合。[结果]适宜浓度的铜、硼肥有利于增加忍冬总叶绿素含量,高浓度的铜、硼肥则起抑制作用;适宜浓度的硼肥可显著增加忍冬花蕾的长度,适宜配施铜、硼肥可显著增加花蕾鲜重,以B1Cu2处理(B 20 mg·L-1,Cu 30 mg·L-1)最佳。单施铜、硼肥比配施铜、硼肥处理对金银花营养物质的影响显著,其中B2处理(B 40 mg·L-1)可显著提高可溶性蛋白、淀粉含量,Cu1处理(Cu 10 mg·L-1)的还原糖含量最高;配施铜、硼肥比单施铜、硼肥对金银花药用成分的影响显著,其中尤以B3Cu1处理(B 60 mg·L-1,Cu 10 mg·L-1)最佳;除Mn2+外,单施与配施铜、硼肥处理的金银花中矿质离子含量普遍增加,配施铜、硼肥比单施铜、硼肥增加效果显著,尤以B1Cu2处理(B 20 mg·L-1,Cu 30 mg·L-1)最佳。[结论]喷施适宜浓度的铜、硼肥有利于提高忍冬叶片的叶绿素含量,增强光合作用,促进生长,增加忍冬花蕾的长度和鲜重以及金银花的营养与药用成分含量,且对金银花中矿质离子含量也有显著性影响。[Objectives]The paper aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of copper and borax fertilizer on the growth physiology of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and quality of Lonicerae japonicae flos, to optimize the cultivation technology and improve the quality of its medicinal materials, to provide theoretical reference. [Methods]The single application and combined application of copper fertilizer(10,30,50 mg·L-1)and borax fertilizer(20,40,60 mg·L-1)were used to carry out field experiments, and the growth index of Lonicera japonica buds, photosynthetic pigment of Lonicera japonica leaves, nutrients, medicinal components and mineral ion content of Lonicerae japonicae flos were determined, and the optimal combination was determined according to the test results. [Results]The results showed that the suitable concentration of copper and borax fertilizer could increase the total chlorophyll content, while high concentration of copper and borax fertilizer could inhibit the total chlorophyll content. Suitable concentration of boron fertilizer could significantly increase the length of flower buds, and suitable combination of copper and borax fertilizer could significantly increase the fresh weight of flower buds, especially B1Cu2treatment(B 20 mg·L-1,Cu 30 mg·L-1). The effect of single application of copper and boron fertilizer on nutrients was significant, B2treatment(B 40 mg·L-1)could significantly increase the content of soluble protein and starch, Cu1treatment(Cu 10 mg·L-1)had the highest reducing sugar content. However, combined application of copper and borax fertilizer had a more significant effect on the medicinal components than single application of copper and borax fertilizer, especially B3Cu1treatment(B 60 mg·L-1,Cu 10 mg·L-1). Except for Mn2+,the mineral ion content in Lonicerae japonicae flos generally increased by single application of copper and borax fertilizer, especially B1Cu2treatment(B 20 mg·L-1,Cu 30 mg·L-1),which significantly increased by single application of copper and borax fer

关 键 词：忍冬 铜肥 硼肥 金银花 生长 品质 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]