大气CO_(2)浓度增加和升温对不同品种水稻根系形态的影响  

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming on root morphology of different rice varieties

作　　者：李婕 周泽源 刘成 刘晓雨[1] 李恋卿[1] 潘根兴[1] LI Jie;ZHOU Zeyuan;LIU Cheng;LIU Xiaoyu;LI Lianqing;PAN Genxing(Institute of Resource,Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第1期71-82,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300202);中德交流项目(M-0105)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究大气CO_(2)浓度增加和升温对不同品种水稻根系形态的影响。[方法]在田间开放条件下模拟大气CO_(2)浓度增加和升温,设置CT(对照,CO_(2)浓度和温度与正常大气环境保持一致)、C+T(大气CO_(2)浓度增加200μmol·mol-1)、CT+(冠层温度升高2℃)和C+T+(大气CO_(2)浓度和温度同时升高)4个处理。每个处理种植‘扬稻6号’和‘常优5号’2个品种,连续开展2年(2020、2021年)田间试验。在水稻分蘖期、灌浆期和成熟期采集地上部和根系样品,分析大气CO_(2)浓度增加、升温及其交互作用对地上部干重、根干重、根冠比和根系形态(根长、根直径、根表面积、根体积和根尖数)的影响。[结果]大气CO_(2)浓度增加显著提高不同生育期‘扬稻6号’和‘常优5号’地上部干重、根干重和根冠比,其中‘常优5号’的增加幅度大于‘扬稻6号’。大气CO_(2)浓度增加显著提高不同生育期‘扬稻6号’根长、根直径、根体积、根表面积和根尖数,分别提高了20.5%~25.8%、9.0%~12.3%、20.1%~47.3%、47.1%和23.0%~40.2%。‘常优5号’根长、根体积、根表面积和根尖数分别提高18.1%~22.7%、19.2%~68.1%、12.6%~65.2%和13.5%~44.3%。升温抑制了不同生育期‘扬稻6号’和‘常优5号’地上部干重、根干重和根冠比。升温显著降低不同生育期‘扬稻6号’根长、根体积、根表面积和根尖数,分别降低了9.7%~20.1%、15.8%~28.2%、22.0%~27.3%和13.8%~28.7%。‘常优5号’根长、根直径、根表面积和根尖数分别下降了31.4%~32.0%、8.6%、19.6%、18.0%~19.7%。大气CO_(2)浓度增加和升温对‘扬稻6号’和‘常优5号’不同生育期的根系形态和水稻生长存在显著的交互作用。[结论]大气CO_(2)浓度增加促进水稻生长和根系形态发育,升温抑制水稻生长和根系形态发育。大气CO_(2)浓度增加和升温交互作用抑制水稻生长和根系形态。[Objectives]The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and warming on root morphology of different rice varieties. [Methods]Elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and warming were simulated under open field conditions, and four treatments were included: CT(control),C+T(atmospheric CO_(2)concentration increased by 200 μmol·mol-1),CT+(canopy temperature increased by 2 ℃)and C+T+(atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and temperature increased at the same time). Two varieties of ‘Yangdao 6’and‘Changyou 5’were planted in each treatment, and the field experiment was carried out for two consecutive years(2020 and 2021). The effects of elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration, warming and their interaction on dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, ratio of root to shoot and root morphology(root length, root diameter, root surface area, root volume and root tip number)were analyzed. Plant and root samples were collected at tillering, filling and maturity stages of rice. [Results]Elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration significantly increased shoot dry weight, root dry weight and root shoot ratio of ‘Yangdao 6’and‘Changyou 5’at different growth stages, and the increase range of ‘Changyou 5’was greater than that of ‘Yangdao 6’. Elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration significantly increased the root length, root diameter, root volume, root surface area and root tip number of ‘Yangdao 6’at different growth stages by 20.5%-25.8%,9.0%-12.3%,20.1%-47.3%,47.1% and 23.0%-40.2%,respectively. The root length, root volume, root surface area and root tip number of ‘Changyou 5’increased by 18.1%-22.7%,19.2%-68.1%,12.6%-65.2% and 13.5%-44.3%,respectively. Warming inhibited shoot dry weight, root dry weight and root shoot ratio of ‘Yangdao 6’and‘Changyou 5’at different growth stages. The root length, root volume, root surface area and root tip number of ‘Yangdao 6’at different growth stages were significantly decreased by 9.7%-20.1

关 键 词：CO_(2)浓度增加 升温 水稻生物量 根系形态 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]