农药液滴在玉米叶片表面铺展面积的影响因素  

Factors influencing the spreading areas of pesticide droplets on the surface of maize leaves

作　　者：高荣 黄路生 文晟 尹选春 张建桃[1,2,3] Gao Rong;Huang Lusheng;Wen Sheng;Yin Xuanchun;Zhang Jiantao(College of Mathematics and Informatics,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;International Laboratory of Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology,Guangzhou 510642,China;Key Laboratory of Smart Agricultural Technology in Tropical South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学数学与信息学院,广州510642 [2]国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心,广州510642 [3]农业农村部华南热带智慧农业技术重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第20期41-48,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(2019KZDZX1002);广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515011008);国家自然科学基金面上项目(61773171);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(D18019)。

摘　　要：农药液滴在植物叶面上最大铺展面积,决定了农药有效成分作用范围、蒸发时间和叶面吸收效果。为了探究液滴粒径、农药润湿性能和叶面倾角对液滴在玉米叶面上铺展面积的影响机理,通过试验方式产生548、675、756、877、973μm粒径的液滴,利用质量分数为0、0.005%、0.01%、0.1%的OP-10表面活性剂代表润湿性能不同的农药,设定叶面倾角为0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°,进行全因子试验。结果表明:液滴粒径、表面活性剂浓度、叶面倾角均对铺展面积影响显著(P<0.001),三者增大均能提高液滴在玉米叶面上的最大铺展面积。在不同角度下,增大液滴粒径和溶液的润湿性能都能增加液滴在玉米叶面上的铺展面积。药液润湿性能差时,铺展面积随叶面倾角的变化不够明显,润湿性能较好时,铺展面积呈现出随叶面倾角先上升后下降的趋势,粒径为548μm液滴铺展面积的最大值出现在叶面倾角45°左右。通过表面活性剂的单位浓度铺展面积评估了不同浓度的OP-10液滴的铺展能力,发现0.005%铺展能力大于其他浓度,说明在溶液中加入少量OP-10就可以显著改变溶液润湿性能。研究结果有助于理解叶面铺展润湿机理,并为通过调控农药润湿性能和药液粒径来实现农药减量增效提供了理论支撑。Pesticide wastes have caused serious pollution to the air,water,and soil in recent years.It is a high demand to clarify the spreading behavior of pesticide droplets on the plant leaves,particularly for the better utility efficiency of pesticides.Among them,the maximum spreading area of pesticide droplets on the plant leaves can dominate the action range,evaporation time,and foliar absorption of active ingredients in the pesticides.This study aims to explore the influence mechanism of droplet size,surfactant concentration,and leaf inclination on the maximum spreading area of droplets on the corn leaves.The leaf inclination angles were set as 0°,15°,30°,45°,60°,and 75°.The droplet sizes were 548,675,756,877,and 973μm.A droplet generator was used to produce the droplets of different sizes,further to reach the plant leaves at the free velocity.The solutions were utilized the 0,0.1%,0.01%,and 0.005%of OP-10 surfactant.A full factorial experiment was designed with a total of 120 tests.The results show that there were significant effects of droplet size,surfactant concentration,and leaf inclination on the maximum spreading area(P<0.001).The influencing factors were ranked in the order of the surfactant concentration>droplet size>leaf angle.The partial-eta squares were 0.857,0.473,and 0.073,respectively.A linear relationship was observed between the droplet size and the spreading area.The spreading area also increased with the increase of the droplet size,leaf angle,and solution surfactant concentration.Once the droplet size increased from 548 to 973μm,the spreading area increased by 71.2%on average.When the leaf inclination angle was 75°,the average spreading area was 1.5124 mm2.The spreading area increased by 18.0%,and 11.9%,compared with the 0°and 45°.The spreading area of 0.1%OP-10 on the maize leaves increased by an average of 572.7%,compared with the deionized water.Therefore,the droplet size increased the maximum spreading area of the droplets on the corn leaf surface with the same increased efficiency

关 键 词：农药液滴 润湿性能 铺展面积 表面活性剂 液滴粒径 黏附功 

分 类 号：S48[农业科学—农药学]