PV-PCM-TE系统设计及电热性能分析  

Design and electrothermal performance analysis of PV-PCM-TE system

作　　者：王立舒[1] 白龙 房俊龙[1] 李欣然[1] Wang Lishu;Bai Long;Fang Junlong;Li Xinran(Institute of Electrical and Information,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157011,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学电气与信息学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]牡丹江师范学院物理与电子工程学院,牡丹江157011

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第20期171-179,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅基本科研业务费支持项目(1452MSYYB009);牡丹江师范学院青年学术骨干项目(GG2018004)。

摘　　要：光伏温差混合发电系统(Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric,PV-TE)温度随辐照度变化而波动,对系统的太阳能利用率产生较大的影响。将相变材料(Phase Change Material,PCM)加入PV-TE系统,设计基于相变材料的光伏温差混合发电系统(Photovoltaic-Phase ChangeMaterials-Thermoelectric,PV-PCM-TE),通过相变材料的相变潜热特性提高系统在辐照度变化下的稳定性。该文分析了系统内部能量传递与转换过程建立数学模型,搭建试验平台测试PV-PCM-TE系统性能。试验结果表明,在辐照度最高的11:00—14:00期间,光伏电池的最高温度基本维持在相变材料的相变温度,使系统在适宜的工作温度下运行;冷却系统采用水冷,冷却效果优于自然风冷,系统接触面选用高导热率材料减小接触热阻提高系统发电效率;PV-PCM-TE系统相比PV-TE系统,电效率与电功率分别增加了1.05%和16.21%,全年测试期间PV-PCM-TE系统最大电效率为22.28%,最大热效率为32.55%,最大㶲效率为27.32%。系统所获电能可为现代农业温室环境监控系统、照明系统供电,并为植物生长提供部分热能。The power generation efficiency of photovoltaic(PV)cells can be greatly reduced with the increase of working temperature.The PV-thermoelectric(PV-TE)technology can convert the excess heat in the PV power generation into the electric energy through the TE cells.As such,the temperature of PV cells can be reduced to realize the cascade utilization of solar energy.However,the temperature of PV-TE system can fluctuate with the change of irradiance,leading to a great influence on the solar energy utilization rate of the whole system.In this study,the phase change material(PCM)was introduced to design a PV-PCM-TE hybrid device system.The latent heat property of PCMs was utilized to improve the stability of the system under variable irradiance.The device test was carried out to evaluate the performance of PV-PCM-TE system in the Northeast Agricultural University,Xiangfang District,Harbin,China.The test date was set from October 1,2020 to September 30,2021,while the test time was 8 hours from 8:00 to 16:00 on the test day.The experimental results indicated that the maximum temperature of PV cells was 326.5 K during the period from 11:00 to 14:00,which was basically maintained at the phase change temperature of PCMs.Furthermore,there was only a few cooling effects on the performance of the PV cells,indicating the excellent latent heat characteristics of PCMs.Specifically,the maximum temperature difference of TE battery was 13.4 K during water cooling.By contrast,the maximum temperature difference of TE battery was 3.6 K during natural air cooling.The water cooling was effectively reduced the temperature of the cold end of the TE battery,in order to improve the temperature difference and power of the TE battery.When the direct contact,thermal conductive silicone grease 1(2.0 W/(m·K)),and thermal conductive silicone grease 2(5.15 W/(m·K))were selected between the contact surfaces of the device,the maximum temperature difference of TE cells were 5.4,11.2,and 13.4K,respectively,the average efficiencies of PV cells were 18.10

关 键 词：光伏 温差 混合发电 辐照度 相变材料 接触热阻 

分 类 号：TK514[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM617