高标准农田建设政策对化肥减量的影响  

Effect of high-standard farmland construction policy on chemical fertilizer reduction

作　　者：曾琳琳[1,2] 李晓云 张安录[1] 刘念洁[1] Zeng Linlin;Li Xiaoyun;Zhang Anlu;Liu Nianjie(College of Economics&Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Institute of Rural Economy,Hubei Academy of Social Sciences,Wuhan 430077,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,武汉430070 [2]湖北省社会科学院农村经济研究所,武汉430077

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第20期229-238,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目(20JZD015);国家自然科学基金项目(71673102);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA054)。

摘　　要：由于农用化学品的过度施用,中国农业的可持续发展面临一系列资源环境问题,政府通过合理的政策措施以促进农用化学品减量,应该成为农业可持续发展的主要目标之一。基于此,该研究以高标准农田建设政策的实施为切入点,运用双重差分法(Differences-in-Differences,DID)方法,基于长江中下游3个粮食主产省湖北、湖南和江苏282个县域2007—2017年的面板数据,分析了高标准农田建设政策对农业化肥减量的影响及其作用机制。结果发现:1)基础回归分析表明,高标准农田建设政策实施后化肥施用总量减少了5.1%;2)影响路径分析表明,高标准农田建设通过提升产粮大县的机械化和粮食作物种植专业化水平实现对化肥施用量的削减效应。机械化水平的提升扩大了粮食作物种植专业化水平对化肥减量效应,进而增强了高标准农田建设政策的化肥减量作用;3)异质性分析结果表明,高标准农田建设政策对平原和丘陵县、中部县域以及中高化肥施用强度地区的化肥减量有更显著的影响。因此未来各区域要继续大力推进高标准农田建设,充分发挥高标准农田建设在化肥减量和减污降碳的有效作用。同时,在高标准农田建设中,大力推进农业机械化发展水平和作物种植专业化水平可成为产粮大县兼顾发展农业和生态保护的统筹之策。Soil degradation and non-point source pollution have posed a great challenge to sustainable agriculture,due mainly to the excessive application of chemical fertilizers.Among them,High-standard Farmland Construction(HSFC)can be the paramount component of the national strategy for food security and environmental protection.Taking the HSFC in 2013 as a quasi-natural experiment,this study aims to clarify the impacts of the HSFC policies on fertilizer reduction at the county level.Firstly,the datasets were divided into the experimental and control groups with/without HSFC policies.A t-value test was carried out to determine the mean differences in the characteristics between the treatment and control groups.A Differences-in-Differences(DID)estimator was used to assess the effects,using the panel data of 282 counties in 3 major grain-producing provinces in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River from 2007 to 2017.An event analysis was then constructed to verify the reliability and robustness,particularly for the pre-event parallel trend and joint hypotheses tests from 2007 to 2012,and 2014 to 2017.Secondly,a series of robustness tests were performed,including the measurement of the dependent variable and regression model,considering the lag in the effect of the policy,and excluding the impact of other similar policies.Finally,the agricultural mechanization and the grain production specialization were selected to reveal the conversion after the HSFC in the study area.The mediation effect model was employed to test the mechanism of agricultural mechanization,and the grain production specialization between the HSFC and chemical fertilizer reduction,together with the interaction between the agricultural mechanization and the grain production specialization.After that,the heterogeneity test was performed to determine the differences in the policy impact in the regions.The results showed that:1)The density of fertilizer application in the treatment groups was higher than that in the control from 2007 to 2013,wherea

关 键 词：高标准农田建设 可持续发展 化肥 农业机械化 粮食作物种植专业化 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]