重庆微波辐射计资料的评估和探测特征分析  

Assessment and Detecting Characteristics of MP-3000A Microwave Radiometer in Chongqing

作　　者：赵美艳 余君 蒋镇 ZHAO Meiyan;YU Jun;JIANG Zhen(The Meteorological Information and Technical Center of Chongqing Meteorological Bureau,Chongqing 401147,China;Fengdu Meteorological Bureau,Chongqing 408200,China;Yunyang Meteorological Bureau,Chongqing 404500,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市气象信息与技术保障中心,重庆401147 [2]丰都县气象局,重庆408200 [3]云阳县气象局,重庆404500

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2022年第5期118-126,共9页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：智慧气象技术创新团队项目(ZHCXTD-202019)。

摘　　要：利用Metop-A掩星和L波段探空资料,对2017—2019年重庆沙坪坝MP-3000A型地基微波辐射计探测的气温、湿度廓线资料进行评估,并对两次天气过程中微波辐射计的探测特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)微波辐射计与掩星气温在整个探测高度上均为显著正相关,且低层高于高层;夏半年偏差小于冬半年,4 km以下微波辐射计探测气温高于掩星气温,降雨时偏差更大;相对湿度相关性稍高于气温,夏半年相关性高于冬半年,偏差小于冬半年;降水天气时,1 km以下及4~6 km微波辐射计相对湿度的负偏差值明显比无降水时大。(2)微波辐射计与探空气温为显著正相关,近地层偏差最小,08时平均偏差小于20时;在中低层,微波辐射计相对湿度较探空偏大,20时的探测精度优于08时。(3)辐射雾出现时,微波辐射计探测到近地面层相对湿度增大和气温降低;降水时段,微波辐射计探测5 km以下为高湿区,暖湿气团上升过程中高层的凝结潜热和低层的绝热冷却作用使中低层出现逆温层。Based on the Metop-A occultation and L-band sounding data,the accuracies of temperature and humidity profiles retrieved from MP-3000A microwave radiometer are assessed,and the detecting characteristics of different weather processes are also analyzed.Results shows that:(1)There is a significant positive correlation of temperatures from microwave radiometer and occultation,and the correlation coefficient of lower level is higher,and the average deviation is smaller in the summer while larger in winter.The temperature from microwave radiometer is higher than that from occultation under 4 km,especially during precipitation period.The correlation of relative humidity is a little higher than that of temperature,and it is higher in the summer than in the winter.The negative deviations are larger during precipitation period under 1 km and from 4 to 6 km.(2)There is also a significant positive correlation between air temperature retrieved from microwave radiometer and observed by L-band sounding.The deviations near the surface are the smallest and they are smaller in 08:00 than these at 20:00.The relative humidity retrieved from microwave radiometer is larger than that observed by L-band sounding,and the detection accuracy is better at 20:00 than at 08:00.(3)The humidity increases and temperature decreases near surface when the radiation fog appears.During precipitation period,high humidity region is detected by microwave radiometer under 5 km.The inversion layer will appear in the middle and lower layers when there is a rising process of warm and wet air mass due to the condensation latent heat in the high level air and then adiabatic cooling in the lower level.

关 键 词：微波辐射计 掩星 探空 气温 相对湿度 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]