一种基于磁通控制的电磁感应式磁场能量收集器功率提升方法  

A Power Boosting Method of Electromagnetic Induction Magnetic Field Energy Harvester Based on Magnetic Flux Control

作　　者：叶凯 刘柱 赵鹏博 杨爱军[1] 袁欢 王小华[1] 荣命哲[1] Ye Kai;Liu Zhu;Zhao Pengbo;Yang Aijun;Yuan Huan;Wang Xiaohua;Rong Mingzhe(Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi’an 710049 China)

机构地区：[1]电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室(西安交通大学),西安710049

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第1期37-46,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目“面向能源互联网自供电传感关键技术研究”(52094020006Z)资助。

摘　　要：无线传感器网络作为电网的“神经末梢”,在智能电网建设中扮演着越来越重要的角色。如何稳定可靠地为传感器网络供能引发了人们的关注,能量收集技术成为解决这一问题最有效的技术,其中磁场能量收集技术因其受环境影响小、能量收集功率高脱颖而出。然而,电力线周围磁场强度的增大会导致磁心的磁通密度达到最大值,磁心深度饱和会造成功率损失并威胁收集器的安全。针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于磁通控制的电磁感应式磁场能量收集器功率提升方法,在电路中增加了可控电容组件,通过控制电容组件的串并联来控制磁心电压,进而控制磁心磁通量,从而缓解了磁心饱和并显著提高了能量收集功率。实验结果表明,所提方法可以在频率为50Hz、有效值为4A的一次电流下显著提升收集功率,在该文研究的不同恒压负载下提升幅度达36.8%~153.2%。As the“nerve endings”of the power grid,wireless sensor networks play a more and more important role in the construction of smart grid.How to provide energy for sensor networks stably and reliably has attracted people’s attention,and magnetic field energy harvesting technology has become the most promising technology to solve this problem.However,the increase in the magnetic field strength around the power line will cause the magnetic flux density of the magnetic core to reach the maximum value,and the deep saturation of the magnetic core will cause power loss and threaten the safety of the harvester.In order to solve this problem,a power enhancement method of electromagnetic induction magnetic field energy harvester based on flux control is proposed in this paper.By adding controllable capacitor components in the circuit,the core saturation is alleviated and the energy collection power is significantly improved.The proposed magnetic field energy harvesting circuit adds a capacitor module which can change the seriesparallel state between the load and the magnetic core coil,and its energy transmission process is as follows.At the beginning of each energy transfer cycle,the capacitor components are in parallel.Then,at the appropriate starting time of series,the capacitor module is controlled to be in series state,the voltage on the capacitor module is doubled,the voltage on the capacitor module is greater than the load voltage,the core voltage is reversed,and the accumulated flux is consumed.Core saturation is alleviated.Next,the control capacitor module returns to the state of parallel connection,and at the same time,the rising rate of core voltage is reduced by the larger capacitance in parallel,and the transmission time is prolonged.Simulation and experimental results show that the series start time t1,capacitance value C0of capacitor module,load voltage Vloadand primary current I1all affect the effectiveness of the proposed method.Among them,the influence of t1on the effect of the method is related to the

关 键 词：磁场能量收集 磁心饱和 磁通控制 无线传感器网络 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]