基于快速有限元的永磁电机绕组涡流损耗半解析高效计算  

Semi Analytical and Efficient Calculation Method of Eddy Current Loss in Windings of Permanent Magnet Machines Based on Fast Finite Element Method

作　　者：曹龙飞 范兴纲 李大伟[1] 曲荣海[1] 刘京易 Cao Longfei;Fan Xinggang;Li Dawei;Qu Ronghai;Liu Jingyi(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074 China)

机构地区：[1]强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学),武汉430074

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第1期153-165,共13页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52007069)。

摘　　要：随着永磁电机朝着高效化和轻质化方向发展,其功率密度和转速越来越高,使得绕组交流铜耗增加,从而导致电机局部过热、效率降低。该文以永磁电机为研究对象,着重研究绕组涡流损耗的产生机理及计算方法,提出基于快速有限元的绕组涡流损耗半解析算法。首先,介绍借助快速有限元提取槽漏磁的方法,并构建导体排布模型;其次,推导了导体涡流损耗的低频和高频解析计算方法,并通过搭建基于Matlab和开源有限元软件FEMM的仿真平台将提出的半解析方法予以实现,并与传统商用有限元软件仿真结果进行对比;最后,通过实验进一步验证了其准确性。结果表明,该方法的计算速度提高了近100倍,在较大频率范围内误差小于5%。Winding eddy current loss is the main component of AC copper loss of permanent magnet machines, and its estimation is an important step in machine design. In the traditional design process, the estimation of winding eddy current loss is generally based on 2D finite element method(FEM) simulation, but it is inevitable to model the conductors and divide them into dense meshes, which will take a lot of computing time. Another method is analytical calculation. Although this method is not time-consuming, the nonlinear characteristic of the ferromagnetic material cannot be considered, and it will result in low calculation accuracy. To achieve a balance between calculation speed and accuracy, this paper studies the generation mechanism of winding eddy current loss of permanent magnet machines, and proposes a semi-analytical algorithm to calculate the winding eddy current loss. On the one hand, the analytical algorithm only depends on slot magnetic leakage flux density, so it is not necessary to establish the conductor model in the FEM model. To further reduce the time cost, the fast FEM is used to extract and reconstruct the slot magnetic leakage flux density. On the other hand, the slot magnetic leakage flux density obtained by FEM has high fidelity, and the analytical algorithm considering high-frequency demagnetization effect in conductor is applied, thus improving the calculation accuracy of winding eddy current loss.Firstly, the reconstruction algorithm of slot magnetic flux leakage is derived based on the fast FEM theory and the slot/pole configuration of the permanent magnet machine, and the conductor layout model is established to obtain the conductor coordinates. Secondly, the machine FE model without conductors is established, and 1/6electrical period simulation is carried out. The slot magnetic leakage flux density is extracted based on conductor coordinate, and the entire electrical period slot magnetic leakage flux density is reconstructed. Finally, fast Fourier transform(FFT) is performed for the slot magn

关 键 词：永磁电机 绕组涡流损耗 导体排布模型 快速有限元 半解析算法 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]