基于Ricardo Wave的排气系统消声器仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Exhaust System Muffler based on Ricardo Wave

作　　者：李曼利 武子静 沈先明 袁学红 LI Manli;WU Zijing;SHEN Xianming;YUAN Xuehong(Hefei HE AN Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥和安机械制造有限公司,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《机械》2022年第12期25-31,38,共8页Machinery

摘　　要：为降低现有某款内燃叉车的排气噪声,在Ricardo Wave前处理界面建立发动机、消声器及进排气歧管的耦合模型,利用集成的后处理工具设置噪声源对其进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:增大尾管穿孔率、隔板开孔均可降低宽频噪声、排气背压和油耗率;合理移动隔板位置可降低高频噪声,对油耗率几乎无影响,但会增加排气背压;改进因素对有效转矩、有效功率的影响在千分之五之内,可忽略不计;相对于原方案,改进因素组合的最优方案整体降噪量可增加8 dB。在最优方案基础上,增加亥姆霍兹共振腔和同心管消声腔可降低低频噪声,且整体降噪量相对原方案增加12.2 dB。该仿真分析在设计阶段能够为预测消声器相关声学特性提供一些理论参考和指导。In order to reduce the exhaust noise of an existing internal combustion forklift,a coupling model of engine,muffler and intake and exhaust manifold was established at the Ricardo Wave pre-processing interface.The noise source was set up with integrated post-processing tools for simulation analysis.The results show that increasing the perforation rate of tailpipe and baffle openings can reduce the broadband noise,exhaust back pressure and fuel consumption rate.Reasonably moving the baffle can reduce the high frequency noise,which has no effect on fuel consumption rate but increase the exhaust back pressure.The influence of improvement factors on effective torque and effective power is within five thousandths,which can be ignored.Compared with the original scheme,the overall noise reduction of the optimal scheme integrated with improvement factors can be increased by 8 dB.On the basis of the optimal scheme,adding the Helmholtz resonator and concentric silencer can reduce the low-frequency noise,and the overall noise reduction amount increases by 12.2 dB,compared with the original scheme.The simulation analysis can provide some theoretical references and guidance for predicting the acoustic characteristics of muffler in the design stage.

关 键 词：隔板 穿孔率 噪声 排气背压 油耗率 

分 类 号：TK421.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]