火灾影响下储罐热后屈曲行为分析  

Analysis of the behavior of thermal post-buckling of storage tanks under the influence of fire

作　　者：莫丽[1] 陈行 陈超 郭振兴 MO Li;CHEN Hang;CHEN Chao;GUO Zhen-xing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Safety and Security Science Group,Faculty of Technology,Policy and Management,TU Delft,Delft 2628 BX,Netherlands)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,成都610500 [3]代尔夫特理工大学安全科学系,荷兰代尔夫特2628 BX

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第6期3075-3081,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：研究了火灾影响下立式钢制储罐的热后屈曲行为。基于固体双层火焰模型,首先利用有限元分析软件Abaqus计算目标储罐的温度场分布,然后将温度场作为结构分析中的热载荷,通过人工阻尼法求解储罐的热后屈曲行为。在不同的环境因素下,根据罐壁径向位移幅度与壁厚的比值来判别热后屈曲行为对罐体造成的破坏,同时利用耐火时间来判断不同因素对热后屈曲行为的影响。结果表明,罐体的变形程度与风速和源罐直径成正比,与储罐间距成反比。储罐合理的排列布置,能够增大储罐的耐火时间,并且提高最低临界屈曲温度,防止热后屈曲行为的发生。该研究对于避免火灾险情的升级和扩大,防治罐区多米诺效应具有指导作用。This paper studies the post-thermal buckling behavior of vertical steel tanks under the influence of fire.Based on the solid double-layer flame model,the non-uniform temperature field distribution of the target tank is calculated by the finite element analysis software Abaqus,and then the temperature field is used as the load in the structural analysis.The thermal post-buckling behavior of the tank is obtained by the artificial damping method.It is found that the deformation of the tank wall shows a linear variation until the minimum critical buckling temperature.After this point,the tank undergoes thermal post-buckling and produces large non-linear deformations.As the temperature continues to rise,thermal post-buckling causes the tank to change from elastic to plastic deformation,and the structural stability of the tank tends to deteriorate.Under different factors,the damage caused by the thermal post-buckling behavior to the tank body is judged according to the ratio of the radial displacement amplitude of the tank wall to the wall thickness,and the fire resistance time is used to determine the influence of different factors on the thermal post-buckling behavior.The results show that as the wind speed increases,the temperature field distribution of the tank changes significantly,its refractory time decreases,and the deformation tends to deteriorate.Besides,the refractory time increases with decreasing flame diameter and increasing tank spacing,post-buckling occurs less frequently,and the deformation of the tank improves.The result shows that a rational arrangement of the tank area can increase the fire resistance time of the tank,thus increasing the minimum critical buckling temperature and preventing the occurrence of thermal post-buckling behavior.The study can be used to determine the failure of storage tanks exposed to fire and provide information for firefighting decision-making,preventing and mitigating domino effects in hazardous material storage farms.

关 键 词：安全工程 火灾 立式储罐 热后屈曲 耐火时间 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]