危化品储运事故事理图谱构建与分析  

Construction and analysis of hazardous chemical storage and transportation accidents based on event evolutionary graph

作　　者：陈卓[1] 魏锐 杜军威[1] 常庆涛[2] CHEN Zhuo;WEI Rui;DU Jun-wei;CHANG Qing-tao(College of Information Science and Technology,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,Shandong,China;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学信息科学技术学院,山东青岛266042 [2]中国石化安全工程研究院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2022年第6期3190-3196,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0809303);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GGX101052);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MF092)。

摘　　要：为避免危化品储运事故演变导致次生事故的发生,改善事故风险识别领域依赖于人工的状况,应用事理图谱模型解析危化品事件之间的影响关系。首先,分析危化品储运事故语料库语义特征,抽取事故报告中危化品事件因果关系模式;然后,采用基于句向量的事件节点泛化方法,构建了基于因果情景的危化品储运事故事理图谱模型;最后,借助社会网络分析法对情景事件节点的度、特征向量中心性、介数中心性关键指标进行分析,得到了情景事件节点在演化模型中的关键程度。结果表明,通过构建事理图谱模型,发现事故演化中的关键节点,对危化品事故的发展能够进行直观的展示,可为危化品储运事故的分析提供新的思路,有助于提高企业避免连锁事故发生的应急水平。To resolve more serious secondary hazards caused by the evolution of accidents in time,and improve the low efficiency of manual extraction of accident factors in the field of accident risk identification,this paper analyzes the semantic features of the corpus of hazardous chemical storage and transportation accidents and the interactions between hazardous chemical events.The causal scenario events are extracted according to the template extraction algorithm to obtain the cause event set and result event set.The sentence vector of scenario event nodes is obtained based on the deep neural network language model-BERT.The Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering(AHC)which is easier to find the hierarchical relationship between clusters is used to cluster event nodes,to complete the generalization of scenario event nodes.Through the complex network analysis software Gephi,the adjacency relationship between nodes can be input to construct the hazardous chemical storage and transportation accidents based on the event evolutionary graph.The results show that by analyzing the Degree Centrality,Eigenvector centrality,and Betweenness Centrality of scenario event nodes,with the help of the social network analysis method,the key degree of scenario event nodes in the evolution model is obtained.Explosion,electrostatic discharge,and material leakage are often the initial factors of a large number of events and accidents.Poor implementation of post responsibility system,small fire spacing,and weld tear are common intermediary factors.Eliminating such key nodes can avoid subsequent accidents to the greatest extent.As the nodes with the highest in-degree,fire accidents,explosion accidents,and poisoning accidents are typical multiple accidents in the storage and transportation stage of hazardous chemicals.Among them,fire accidents are the primary factor of frequent occurrence.In the process of storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals,the enterprise shall focus on strengthening the safety supervision of fire prevention,explosi

关 键 词：安全工程 危险化学品 储运事故 事理图谱模型 事故防范措施 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]