南洋跨省联宗祠堂铸牢中华民族共同体的模式——马来西亚大山脚市陈氏颍川堂春冬祭祖考察  

The Inter-provincial Muti-lineages“Clan”Organizations in Nayang: A Classical Model for the Consolidation of an United Chinese Community.——A Research Based on the Ancestral Worship of Chen “clan” Association in Bukit Mertajam, Malaysia

作　　者：王琛发 Wang Chenfa

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学闽南文化研究中心,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《闽台文化研究》2022年第4期18-32,共15页Fujian-Taiwan Cultural Research

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金一般项目:“宗乡文化与国际文化语境下东南亚闽南人族群身份认同研究”(22BMZ045)。

摘　　要：南洋联宗祠堂既跨血缘也跨地缘,实非古籍定义的“宗祠”,而是源自宋元学者理论启发,转化出异乡同姓甚至异姓异族的结缘相认,互相支持各自回归具体村社认祖归宗,开出南洋华人铸牢中华民族共同体的历史范例。各省乡后人南洋各地同姓结缘,虽难以说明相互代际血缘关系,当地也无从对谱接系而同修族谱,然而“宗亲”彼此远溯成神先贤,或同尊数个源流远祖,联合祭祀彼此祖辈和当地地祇,并接受联宗先人点主入祠,也就是互证共同秉承天命、祖德,在感恩同片土地,诠释民族在当地安居乐业的主权的同时,同时促成各省乡村宗族形成南海跨境相互连接网络。The “Clan” oganizations around“Nanyang”are not necessarily recruiting members according to the principle of same lineage.They always become the united entity of the people from one or more surnames who have different origins. Such type of “clan” houses serve as the collective ancestral hall of different lineages.Their operation concept, actually inspired by the theories of Song and Yuan scholars, transformed the members of the same surname or even different surnames and different races into a mutual community to support the sense of identity and cooperation, and helped form the collective system and rituals that may remind everyone of their own ancestors and the specific clan placeswith the footprint of their own lineage.Although such type of“clan house”posed difficulty in explaining the inter-generational blood relationship and mapping the genealogical records among their members, their practices contributed to the creation of common benefits by establishing a local networking point. In fact, the above practicing model should be considered as one of the traditional model for the consolidation of the sense of cross-border mutual community for the Chinese unity. From another point of view,while the members of those “clan” house, with the same surname, worshiped the Patron Saint as a symbol of collective ancestors and paid respect to the ancestors of each others, they also worshiped the heavenly deities and local earth deities. It is a process of enhancement of their common local identity,and all the “clan” houses of the same surname from different countries may gather their strength to develop their national/regional network to support the common socioeconomic benefits for each other.

关 键 词：联宗祠堂 点主入祠 开漳圣王 土地神 铸牢中华民族共同体意识 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学] B933[哲学宗教—宗教学] K820.9[历史地理—历史学]