丙烯酸酯类阻燃涂料的合成及在木材阻燃上的应用  

Synthesis of acrylics flame retardancy coating and its application in wood fire-safety

作　　者：徐翰林 林芷芊 柏志成 张旺斌 戴进峰 金春德[1,2] 刘元强 XU Hanlin;LIN Zhiqian;BAI Zhicheng;ZHANG Wangbin;DAI Jinfeng;JIN Chunde;LIU Yuanqiang(College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Wood Resources,Hangzhou 311300,China;Dehua Tubao New Decoration Material Co.Ltd.,Huzhou 313200,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院,木材科学与技术浙江省重点实验室,杭州311300 [2]国家木质资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,杭州311300 [3]德华兔宝宝装饰新材股份有限公司,湖州313200

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第1期88-95,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51903222);浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(2021R412012);浙江农林大学人才引进启动基金资助项目(2017FR017);浙江农林大学大学生科研训练项目(2021KX0035);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210341055)。

摘　　要：为改善木材的阻燃性能,采用绿色、温和的溶液自由基共聚制备了一种具有本征阻燃的丙烯酸酯类阻燃涂料Poly(SVS-co-HEA),将其用于杨木单板,研究了不同层数的阻燃涂层对木材燃烧性能、背板温度及残炭形貌等的影响,探索了阻燃涂层对木材的阻燃机制。结果表明,制备的Poly(SVS-co-HEA)共聚物不仅具有优秀的热稳定性(初始热分解温度为301℃)和成炭能力(800℃残余质量分数达36.6%),而且其断裂伸长率可达972.5%,显示了其极好的本征阻燃能力和延展性。与未处理的木板W-0L相比,涂覆7层阻燃涂料的W-7L木板可通过UL-94V-0级别,极限氧指数(LOI)提高到39.3%,热释放速率峰值(PHRR)、生烟速率峰值(PSPR)和CO峰值释放(PCOP)分别下降了28.9%,37.5%和56.4%。得益于阻燃涂层燃烧后形成的连续、致密厚实的保护炭层,W-7L木板的最高表面温度和背温分别较W-0L木板下降了104.7和49.7℃,防止基体木材进一步燃烧,减少了有毒烟雾的释放。综上所述,本研究通过设计新型阻燃涂料对木材进行表面处理,可以有效抑制木材燃烧,提高防火性能,为木材阻燃和现代木材产业高附加值化提供了一种新策略,市场前景广阔。As one of renewable traditional building and decoration materials, wood is a flammable material with a lot of smoke during burning, giving a rise to potential fire-hazard risks in the application fields of architectural decoration, thus restricting its extensive applications. In this study, an acrylate flame-retardant coating Poly(SVS-co-HEA) with intrinsic fire retardancy was prepared using the green and mild free radical solution copolymerization to act on poplar veneers for improving its flame-retardant performance. The effects of different layers of the as prepared flame-retardant coating on wood combustion performance, unexposed surface, and surface temperatures of wood plank, and the morphology of char residue after the CONE calorimeter testing were completely studied, and the flame-retardant mechanism of the flame-retardant coating on wood was also explored. The results showed that the as-synthesized Poly(SVS-co-HEA) copolymer not only exhibited excellent thermal stability(initial thermal decomposition temperature of 301 ℃) and char formatting ability(char residue of 36.6% at 800 ℃), but also had a high elongation at break of 972.5%, suggesting an expected intrinsic flame retardancy and impressive ductility. Compared to the untreated wood plank W-0 L, the W-7 L wood plank coated with seven layers of flame-retardant coating achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating and increased limiting oxygen index(LOI) value of 39.3%. In addition, the results of CONE calorimeter test displayed that the peak heat release rate(PHRR), peak smoke produce rate(PSPR) and peak CO production(PCOP) of the W-7 L wood plank respectively reduced by 28.9%, 37.5% and 56.4% compared to that of W-0 L, demonstrating a satisfactory flame retardance and smoke suppression. Being benefited from the continuous, dense, and thick protective char layer formed after the combustion, both maximum surface temperature and unexposed surface temperature of the W-7 L wood plank decreased by 104.7 ℃ and 49.7 ℃, respectively, compared with the W-0 L wood pane

关 键 词：木材 阻燃 自由基共聚 丙烯酸酯涂料 抑烟 

分 类 号：TQ63[化学工程—精细化工]