特厚煤层开采引起上覆黄土斜坡裂隙化试验研究  

Model test on fracture development in overlying loess slopes caused by extra-thick coal seam mining

作　　者：成玉祥[1,2] 甘玥 陈毛宁 CHENG Yuxiang;GAN Yue;CHEN Maoning(School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Chongqing Nanjiang Geological Engineering Survey and Design Institute,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]重庆南江地质工程勘察设计集团有限公司,重庆401147

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2023年第1期27-33,共7页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41672255)。

摘　　要：为探究特厚煤层开采对上覆黄土斜坡的破裂效应,以彬长矿区斜坡为例,运用物理模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,分析黄土斜坡中裂隙的产状和力学特征。结果表明:由于煤层开采,在上覆黄土斜坡中产生的裂隙可分为与坡面近垂直的裂隙和与坡面平行的裂隙两组,表现出了明显分异性和序次;与坡面近垂直裂隙首先出现,具有拉张裂隙特征,起到了切割坡体的作用;与坡面近平行裂隙是由坡面近垂直裂隙逐渐派生的,具有剪切裂隙特征,控制着黄土斜坡中潜在滑面的形成。两组裂隙呈网状分割坡体,使斜坡土体结构碎裂化和散体化。A slope at the Bingchang mining area was taken as an example to investigate the fracturing effect of extra-thick coal seam mining on the overlying loess slope. The occurrence and mechanical characteristics of fractures in the loess slope were analyzed by using the physical model test and numerical simulation method. The test results show that fractures caused by coal mining in the overlying loess slope can be divided into two groups: fractures approximately perpendicular to the slope surface and fractures approximately parallel to the slope surface, indicating obvious spatial differentiation and orderly appearance. Fractures approximately perpendicular to the slope surface appear first and have characteristics of tensile cracks;they play an important role in cutting slopes. The fractures approximately parallel to the slope surface are derived gradually from the fractures perpendicular to the slope surface;they have characteristics of shear cracks and control the formation of potential sliding surfaces in the loess slope. In a word, the two groups of fractures cut the slope in a net shape, inducing the soil structure of the slope to break and fragment.

关 键 词：黄土斜坡 特厚煤层 地下采煤 物理模型试验 破裂效应 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]