基于问卷调查的公众防震减灾科普认知及需求研究——以山东省为例  

Public cognition and demand of earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation science popularization based on a questionnaire survey:a case study in Shandong Province

作　　者：李志恒 金兴 李红[1] 权腾龙 张慧峰[1] LI Zhiheng;JIN Xing;LI Hong;QUAN Tenglong;ZHANG Huifeng(Shandong Earthquake Agency,Ji'nan 250014,Shandong,China;Institute of Geophysics,CEA,Beijing 100081,China;Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省地震局,山东济南250014 [2]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [3]宁波大学信息科学与工程学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《地震工程学报》2023年第1期244-250,共7页China Earthquake Engineering Journal

基　　金：山东省地震局一般科研项目(YB2214)。

摘　　要：防震减灾科普知识的普及有利于增强公众的防震减灾意识,对于减少地震灾害社会经济损失和人员伤亡具有重大意义。通过问卷调查的研究方式对山东省公众防震减灾科普认知和需求进行分析,并得出如下结论:(1)山东省公众对于地震科普知识的整体认知水平偏低,对于地震基本知识的掌握水平有限,辨识地震谣言的能力不足,地震应急避险能力有待加强,应急救护技能掌握水平和震时避险原则认知水平不高;(2)山东省公众对于地震应急避险与技能、地震预报与预警、地震谣言识别及建筑抗震等方面的科普内容需求度较高;(3)山东省公众最期望获取防震减灾科普信息的途径是通过线上的新媒体APP或网站,对于参加地震应急演练、科普讲座、科普馆参观等线下活动的意愿较强。针对上述实际情况,本文对地震科普工作给出了提升建议。The popularization of the scientific knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation is conducive to enhancing public awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. Reducing social and economic losses and human casualties when earthquakes occur is of great significance. This work analyzes the public cognition and demand for earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation science popularization by means of a questionnaire survey and draws the following conclusions.(1) The overall level of public cognition of earthquake science popularization in Shandong Province is low, and the level of mastery of basic earthquake knowledge is limited. The ability to recognize earthquake rumors is insufficient, and the ability for earthquake emergency avoidance needs to be strengthened. The level of mastery of emergency rescue skills and the cognition of principles of earthquake avoidance are low.(2) The public in Shandong Province has a high demand for science popularization content on earthquake emergency avoidance and skills, earthquake forecasting and warning, and earthquake rumor recognition, as well as the earthquake resistance of buildings.(3) The most expected way for the public in Shandong Province to obtain popular science information on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is through mobile apps or websites, and the respondents are more willing to participate in offline activities, i.e., earthquake emergency drills, popular science lectures, and popular science museum visits. In view of the above actual situation, this work provides some suggestions for improving the work of earthquake science popularization.

关 键 词：地震 科普 认知 需求 问卷调查 建议 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]