大豆玉米带状复合种植全程机械化专用机具研制现状与趋势  

Development status and trend of special machine for soybean and corn strip compound planting

作　　者：徐峰 张黎骅 彭俊明 杨海龙 王韵弘 Xu Feng;Zhang Lihua;Peng Junming;Yang Hailong;Wang Yunhong(China Agricultural Mechanization Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing,100122,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an,625014,China;Shaanxi Testing and Extension Center for Agricultural Mechanization,Xi'an,710065,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农业机械化总站,北京市100122 [2]四川农业大学机电学院,四川雅安625014 [3]陕西省农业机械试验鉴定推广总站,西安市710065

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2023年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2000504-01)。

摘　　要：围绕大豆玉米带状复合种植种、管、收全程机械化,以大豆玉米一体化播种机、同步分带喷杆喷雾机、大豆玉米一体化收获机等同步作业专用机具,以及高地隙玉米收获机、小型窄幅收获机等分步适用机具为研究对象,根据近年来研制试验和推广应用情况,深入分析总结各类专用机具的技术特点、研发生产、试验验证、推广应用和注意事项,掌握当前专用机具发展现状,从提高作业效益、作业质量、适应性、关键结构等方面明确机具研发趋势,为大豆玉米带状复合种植全程化机械化发展奠定基础。围绕机具改进熟化与推广应用,从同播同熟品种选育、关键技术科研攻关、鉴定评价方法制定、适用机具机型遴选、试验示范推广和全程机械化模式凝练等方面提出建议。Focusing on the whole-process mechanization of soybean and corn strip compound planting,management and harvesting,using the special machines and tools for synchronous operation such as soybean and corn integrated seeder,synchronous belt spray rod sprayer,soybean and corn integrated harvester,as well as the stepwise applicable machines and tools such as high-clearance corn harvester and small narrow-range harvester as research object,depending on the development of test and application situation in recent years,this paper deeply analysises and summaries the technical characteristics,research and development production,test verification,application and points for attention,mastering the special machinery development present situation,improve the operating efficiency,operation quality,adaptability and key structure clearly machinery research and development trend,for soybean corn belt compound planting whole-coursing mechanization development lay the foundation.Centering on the improvement of ripening and popularization of machinery and tools,suggestions were put forward from the aspects of selection and breeding of simultaneous sowing and simultaneous ripening varieties,research on key technologies,formulation of identification and evaluation methods,selection of applicable machinery and tools models,experimental demonstration and popularization,and consolidation of whole-process mechanization modes.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 带状复合种植 专用机具 推广应用 

分 类 号：S23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]