中国急诊科护士抑郁症状发生情况及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of depression symptoms among emergency nurses in China:a nationwide cross-sectional survey

作　　者：雷子辉 冯晶[1] 申鑫 夏雯琪 周颖 颜时姣 甘勇[1] LEI Zi-hui;FENG Jing;SHEN Xin(不详;School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]海南医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2022年第12期1505-1509,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：急救与创伤研究教育部重点实验室(海南医学院)开放课题基金(Grant.KLET-202103)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国急诊科护士抑郁症状发生情况及影响因素。方法于2019年7—9月采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在中国内地31个省(自治区、直辖市)抽取20136名工作时间≥6个月的急诊科护士进行自填问卷调查,应用SPSS 22.0进行一般描述性统计、χ2检验及多因素二元logistic回归分析。结果急诊科护士抑郁症状发生率为26.82%。多因素二元logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥45岁(OR=0.710)、已婚(OR=0.707)、高级职称(OR=0.677)、自评健康状况好(OR=0.276)或一般(OR=0.506)、睡眠质量好(OR=0.358)或一般(OR=0.575)是急诊科护士抑郁症状发生的保护因素;饮酒(OR=1.425)或已戒酒(OR=1.391)、日均工作时长≥10 h(OR=1.272)、工作压力较大(OR=2.358)或非常大(OR=5.731)、曾经历工作场所暴力(低频次:OR=1.675;中频次:OR=3.290;高频次:OR=5.982)是急诊科护士抑郁症状发生的危险因素。结论工作压力、不良的行为生活方式、工作场所暴力与急诊科护士抑郁症状显著相关,需结合中国医疗卫生体系现状完善急诊科护士的工作结构和管理方案。Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among emergency nurses in China.Methods Totally 21912 nurses working in emergency departments at least for 6 months were recruited with stratified multistage random sampling in 31 provincial level administrative divisions across China for a self-administered questionnaire survey conducted during July-September,2019.The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D),two scales designed by domestic experts on lifestyle and workplace violence,and a self-designed questionnaire were used to collect relevant information of the participants.Descriptive statistics,chi-square test and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were performed in data analyses with SPSS 22.0.Results Of 20316 participants with valid responses,26.82%were assessed as having depressive symptoms based on the total CES-D score of 20 and above.The results of logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to have depression symptoms:alcohol drinking(odds ratio[OR]=1.425),abstaining from alcohol consumption(OR=1.391),averagely working 10 hours or more per work day(OR=1.272),perceiving a higher working pressure(OR=2.358)or very high working pressure(OR=5.731),and ever experiencing workplace violence(OR=1.675/3.290/5.982 for low/moderate/high severity);while,the participants elder than 44 years(OR=0.710),being married(OR=0.707),having a senior professional title(OR=0.677),with a good or fair self-assessed health(OR=0.276 or 0.506),and with good or fair sleep quality(OR=0.358 or 0.575)were less likely to have depression symptoms.Conclusion Among emergency nurses in China,depression symptom is associated with working stress,unhealthy behavioral lifestyle,and workplace violence.Working framework and management strategies for emergency departments should be improved to reduce depression symptoms in emergency nurses.

关 键 词：急诊科护士 抑郁症状 影响因素 行为生活方式 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]