电动汽车充电站选址优化——以哈尔滨市为例  

Location optimization of electric vehicle charging stations: a case study of Harbin

作　　者：韩韶光 邹常丰[1] 何永明[1] 李才广 李震昇 HAN Shaoguang;ZOU Changfeng;HE Yongming;LI Caiguang;LI Zhensheng(School of Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学交通学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《交通科技与经济》2023年第1期42-49,共8页Technology & Economy in Areas of Communications

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019E004)。

摘　　要：为解决电动汽车充电站选址布局不合理问题,从城市充电基础设施布局规划视角,采用ArcGIS网络分析法对原有充电站站点进行优化。以哈尔滨市为例,基于道路路网、充电站站点、停车场场点、人口及电动汽车数量等基础数据,运用ArcGIS构建最小化阻抗和最小化设施点模型。对模型输出结果以经营者年综合成本进行量化对比分析,并利用泰森多边形(Voronoi图)对模型结果的充电站选址进行可行性验证。综合对比模型输出结果可得:最小化阻抗模型在原有6个站点的基础上新增5个站点,能够将服务覆盖面积占比由58.87%提升至81.43%;被服务的充电需求点数量占比由75.4%提升至95.8%;同时,优化后的站点布局能够较好地契合Voronoi图,契合度达90%以上。In order to solve the problem of unreasonable location and layout of electric vehicle charging stations, from the perspective of urban charging infrastructure layout planning, ArcGIS network analysis method is used to optimize the original charging station sites.Taking Harbin as an example, based on the basic data of road network, charging station site, parking lot site, population and electric vehicle number and other basic data. ArcGIS was used to construct the model of minimizing impedance and minimizing facility point.The output results of the model were quantified and compared with the annual comprehensive cost of operators, and the feasibility of the charging station location of the model results was verified by using Tyson polygon( Voronoi diagram). By comparing the output result of the model, it can be concluded that the minimization impedance model adds five sites to the original six sites, which can increase the proportion of service coverage from 58.87% to 81.43%. The proportion of charging demand points served increased from 75.4% to 95.8%. At the same time, the optimized site layout can better fit the Voronoi diagram, and the fit degree is more than 90%.

关 键 词：交通规划 充电站选址 ArcGIS网络分析 最小化阻抗模型 VORONOI图 电动汽车 

分 类 号：U491.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]