塔里木河“二源一干”生态供水潜力研究  

Study on ecological water supply potential in two source streams and one main stream of the Tarim River

作　　者：白涛[1] 洪良鹏 李江 刘东[1] 巨驰 王光焰 BAI Tao;HONG Liangpeng;LI Jiang;LIU Dong;JU Chi;WANG Guangyan(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;Xinjiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Planning and Design Administration,Urumqi 830099,China;Xinjiang Tarim River Basin Authority,Urumqi 830018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]新疆水利水电规划设计管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830099 [3]新疆塔里木河流域干流管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830018

出　　处：《水资源保护》2023年第1期158-165,共8页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52179025);新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅规设局项目(403-1005-YBN-FT6I)。

摘　　要：为解决塔里木河干流水资源短缺、流域损失水量过大、用水效率低下、农业灌溉用水挤占生态用水等问题,基于“节水优先”的治水方针,以塔里木河二源流(阿克苏河、叶尔羌河)及其干流(“二源一干”)的山区水库群和平原水库群为研究对象,兼顾塔里木河干流的农业灌溉用水、生态用水、工业用水、生活用水等多目标,构建并求解了现状水平年和远景规划年的山区与平原水库群联合调度优化模型,分析了塔里木河干流的生态供水潜力和山区水库群联合调度的贡献。结果表明:仅通过干流平原水库群联合调度,农业灌溉用水和生态用水的供水保证率难以满足设计要求;通过山区与平原水库群优化调度,在远景规划年各行业均满足设计保证率要求,体现了山区水库群显著的调控性能和“节水优先”治水方针的合理性和可靠性;远景规划年塔里木河干流的生态供水潜力为2.84亿m^(3),可为塔里木河下游生态保护与修复提供了坚实的水量基础。In order to solve the problems such as water resources shortage,excessive water loss,low water use efficiency,agricultural irrigation water squeezes ecological water,based on the water control policy of“water conservation priority”,the mountainous reservoirs and plain reservoirs in the two source streams of the Tarim River(Aksu River,Yeerqiang River)and its main stream(“two source streams and one main stream”)are taken as the research objects.Considering the multiple objectives of agricultural irrigation water,ecological water,industrial water and domestic water in the mainstream of Tarim River,an optimization model for joint operation of reservoirs in mountainous areas and plains in the current level year and the long-term planning year is constructed and solved,and the ecological water supply potential of the mainstream of Tarim River and the contribution of joint operation of reservoirs in mountainous areas are analyzed.The results show that the guarantee rate of agricultural irrigation and ecological water supply cannot meet the design requirements only through the joint operation of reservoirs in the mainstream plain.Through the optimal operation of reservoir groups in mountainous areas and plain areas,all industries meet the design assurance rate requirements in the long-term planning year,reflecting the remarkable regulation performance of reservoirs in mountainous areas and the rationality and reliability of the water control policy of"water saving first".The ecological water supply potential of the mainstream of Tarim River in the long-term planning year is 284 million m^(3),which can provide a solid water volume basis for ecological protection and restoration in the lower reaches of the Tarim River.

关 键 词：生态供水潜力 水资源调配 山区与平原水库群 节水优先 塔里木河流域 

分 类 号：TV697.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]