北京市某三甲医院2018年-2020年颈椎病门诊患者临床流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on the Clinical Epidemiological Characteristics of Outpatients with Cervical Spondylosis in a Three A and Tertiary Hospital from 2018 to 2020 in Beijing

作　　者：王宝剑 李俊海 黄沪 高景华[2] 陈兆军 于栋 张建宝 陈月峰 代文达 王庆甫 马玉峰 Wang Baojian;Li Junhai;Huang Hu;Gao Jinghua;Chen Zhaojun;Yu Dong;Zhang Jianbao;Chen Yuefeng;Dai Wenda;Wang Qingfu;Ma Yufeng(The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学第三附属医院,北京市100029 [2]中国中医科学院望京医院,北京市100102

出　　处：《中国病案》2022年第12期40-43,共4页Chinese Medical Record

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2020-2-7036)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市某三甲医院颈椎病门诊患者的临床流行病学特征,为提高颈椎病的诊治水平,预防其发生提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2018年1月1日-2020年12月31日期间北京市某三甲中医医院骨科门诊诊断为颈椎病的患者资料,共38512例。对患者的性别及年龄分布、职业分布、地域来源、发病节气等项目进行分析比较。结果门诊诊断为颈椎病的患者中,男性12774例,占33.17%,女性25738例,占66.83%。男性年龄(48.95±14.33)岁,女性年龄(47.90±14.97)岁,女性患者年龄低于男性,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。男性20岁~69岁患者数量占0岁~99岁患者的88.36%;女性20岁~69岁患者数量占0岁~99岁患者的91.38%。20岁~89岁的7个年龄段中,女性患者的平均年龄均低于男性患者,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。在颈椎病分型上,患者数量由高到低依次为神经根型、颈型、椎动脉型、脊髓型、混合型和交感型。在职业人群上以技术职员、退(离)休人员、技术工人最多。颈椎病患者门诊数量排前三位的节气分别为清明、春分与寒露,并以春、秋二季最多。结论颈椎病防治应重点关注青年、中年及中老年人群,尤其是女性人群。长期屈颈伏案工作的职员、离退休人员以及颈椎处于长期劳损状态下的工人和农民也应及早注意颈椎病的防治。并建议患者在春分、清明与寒露等节气中尤其注意颈项部的防寒保暖。Objectives To understand the clinical epidemiological characteristics of outpatients with cervical spondylosis in a Three A and Tertiary Hospital in Beijing,improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of cervical spondylosis,and provide scientific basis for its prevention.Methods The data of 38512 patients with cervical spondylosis diagnosed in the orthopedic clinic of a Three A and Tertiary Hospital in Beijing from January 1st,2018to December 31st,2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 12774 males(33.17%)and 25738females(66.83%).The average age of male patients was 48.95±14.33 years and that of female patients was 47.90±14.97 years.The age of female patients was lower than that of male patients(P<0.05).The number of male patients aged from 20 to 69 years accounted for 88.36%of their age group of 0-99 years,and the number of female patients aged from 20 to 69 years accounted for 91.38%of their age group of 0 to 99 years.The average age of female patients was lower than that of male patients(P<0.05 or P<0.001).In the classification of cervical spondylosis,the number of patients from high to low was nerve root type,cervical type,vertebral artery type,spinal cord type,mixed type and sympathetic type.In the professional population,the most were technicians,retired(retired)personnel and skilled workers.The top three solar terms in the number of outpatients with cervical spondylosis were Qingming,spring equinox and cold dew,and the most in spring and autumn.Conclusions The prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis should focus on young,middle-aged and elderly people,especially women.In addition,employees,retirees and workers and farmers with long-term cervical strain should also pay attention to the prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis as soon as possible.

关 键 词：颈椎病 流行病学 门诊病案 

分 类 号：R681.55[医药卫生—骨科学] R181.3[医药卫生—外科学]