基于道化学火灾爆炸危险指数法的异丁烯罐区火灾爆炸事故后果研究  

Study on the Consequences of Fire and Explosion Accidents in Isobutylene Tank Farm by Using Dow Chemical Fire and Explosion Risk Index

作　　者：张学智 王文浩 刁秀蒙 王荣艳 唐秀叶 宋文华[2] Zhang Xuezhi;Wang Wenhao;Diao Xiumeng;Wang Rongyan;Tang Xiuye;Song Wenhua(Tianjin Fire Rescue Bureau,Tianjing 300090,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市消防救援总队,天津300090 [2]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期1-7,14,共8页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50974096);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(10JCZDJC25000)。

摘　　要：构建了异丁烯储罐泄露导致火灾爆炸后果的场景,使用道化法对异丁烯罐区储罐各种不同火灾场景下的火灾风险进行评估.结果表明,基本场景的火灾爆炸危险性后果为危险等级很大、暴露半径39 m、暴露面积4779 m^(2);采取针对性工艺控制措施后的工艺控制场景,其火灾爆炸事故后果为危险等级中等;采取针对性物质隔离控制措施后的物质隔离场景,其火灾爆炸事故后果为危险等级没有变化但已经贴邻其下限值;采取针对性火灾防控控制措施后的火灾防控场景,其火灾爆炸事故后果为危险等级中等;采取工艺控制、物质隔离和火灾防控控制措施后,其安全补偿后的火灾爆炸事故后果为危险等级较轻、暴露半径19 m、暴露面积1135 m^(2),表明可以通过增加针对性的安全控制措施以有效的降低事故的危险程度与影响范围.Various scenarios of fire and explosion consequences caused by leakage of isobutylene storage tanks are constructed,and the fire risk of isobutylene tank farm under different fire scenarios is evaluated by using the Dow chemical index method.The fire risk assessment results show that the fire and explosion risk consequences of the basic scenario are very high,with an exposure radius of 39 m and an exposure area of 4779 m^(2).The consequences of fire and explosion accidents in the process control scenario are moderate.The hazard level has not changed but is close to its lower limit in the material isolation scenario with targeted material isolation control measures.The consequences of fire and explosion accidents in the fire prevention and control scenario with targeted fire prevention and control measures are of medium risk level.After taking process control,material isolation and fire prevention and control measures,the consequences of fire and explosion accidents after safety compensation are relatively light,with an exposure radius of 19 m and an exposure area of 1135 m^(2),which indicates that the risk degree and impact range of accidents can be effectively reduced by adding targeted safety control measures.

关 键 词：道化学指数法 异丁烯罐区 火灾场景 安全控制 危险等级 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]