基于定量风险评估的苯酚异丁烯罐区重大危险源辨识分级及社会与个人风险研究  

Identification and Classification of Major Hazard Sources and Social and Personal Risks in Phenol Isobutylene Tank Farm Based on Quantitative Risk Assessment

作　　者：尹桂旭 闫海生 王文浩 刁秀蒙 王荣艳 唐秀叶 宋文华[3] Yin Guixu;Yan Haisheng;Wang Wenhao;Diao Xiumeng;Wang Rongyan;Tang Xiuye;Song Wenhua(Tianjin Fire Rescue Bureau,Tianjing 300090,China;Tianjin Huateng Science and Technology Consulting Co.,Ltd,Tianjing 300384,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市消防救援总队,天津300090 [2]天津市华腾理工安全科技咨询有限公司,天津300384 [3]天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期8-14,共7页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50974096);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划重点项目(10JCZDJC25000)。

摘　　要：案例企业苯酚异丁烯罐区的危险化学品重大危险源分级为三级.运用CASST-QRA定量评估罐区储罐在不同泄漏条件下的危险类型及影响范围,结果表明:异丁烯储罐最严重灾害模式为BLEVE,其死亡半径125 m,覆盖了厂区内绝大部分车间及厂外道路和其他工厂;而闪火、云爆和池火,其风险最小的死亡半径为21 m,风险最大的死亡半径为35 m,都能波及到距离最近的对叔丁基苯酚车间和北侧厂外道路;苯酚储罐因管道破裂或多米诺引发池火,死亡半径9 m,仅波及到异丁烯储罐和罐区西边的部分厂内道路,不会波及其他厂内及厂外设施;因苯酚异丁烯罐区各种潜在的火灾、爆炸等危险造成区域内人员的个体风险,处于可以接受区域;社会风险有少部分风险概率处在容许范围与不容许范围之间的“尽可能降低区”;异丁烯罐区与厂内其他建构筑物的防火间距满足现实适应规范的要求.The major hazard installations of hazardous chemicals in the phenol and isobutylene tank farm of the case enterprise are classified.CASST-QRA was used to quantitatively assess the hazard type and impact range of storage tanks in the tank farm under different leakage conditions.The results showed that the most serious disaster mode of isobutylene storage tanks was BLEVE,with a death radius of 125 m,covering most workshops in the plant area,roads outside the plant area and other factories.For flash fire,cloud explosion and pool fire,the minimum risk death radius is 21 m,and the maximum risk death radius is 35 m,which can affect the nearest p-tert-butylphenol workshop and the road outside the plant on the north side.The death radius of phenol storage tank caused by pipeline rupture or domino pool fire is 9 m,which only affects the isobutylene storage tank and some roads in the west of the tank farm,and will not affect other facilities in and outside the plant.Personal risks of personnel in the area caused by various potential fire,explosion and other hazards in phenol isobutylene tank farm are acceptable.The probability of a small part of social risks lies in the"zone to reduce as much as possible"between the allowable range and the impermissible range.The fire separation distance between the isobutylene tank farm and other buildings and structures in the plant shall meet the requirements of the applicable codes.

关 键 词：苯酚异丁烯罐区 重大危险源辨识分级 CASST-QRA 个人风险 社会风险 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]