超级平台算法价格歧视的反垄断规制  

Anti-monopoly Regulation on Price Discrimination of Super Platform Algorithm

作　　者：程雪军 CHENG Xuejun

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院 [2]同济大学经济法治研究中心

出　　处：《法治研究》2023年第1期99-111,共13页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：上海市社会科学基金项目“金融科技公司算法风险的系统治理研究”(项目编号:2022EFX001);同济大学理论创新项目“乡村振兴战略下绿色金融法治体系研究”(项目编号:4040142319/013)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在人工智能算法技术的驱动下,越来越多的超级平台将其运行、经营或管理的部分权限由传统的管理层下放至算法平台。作为一种人机交互(HCI)的决策机制,算法技术并非价值中立、完全理性的智能技术,其在一定意义上会将超级平台型企业的逐利本性发挥到极致,从而忽视企业应当具备的社会责任,并在实质上形成对消费者标签化的算法价格歧视。超级平台深度利用算法技术,往往具备公共性和私主体性的双重特征,其通过大量获取用户数据后实现“数据剥削”,冲破传统企业角色定位,享有类似公权力机关的资源调配和规则制定权并且可以实现对其他商主体的不公平欺压。然而,产生于传统商业模式下的现有法律,从根本上难以有效遏制超级平台算法价格歧视的异化风险。因此,我国需要采取新思路对超级平台的算法价格歧视构建反垄断规制体系:在算法价格歧视的反垄断规制原则上,需要坚持从数据保护到算法规制原则,强化反垄断法与算法的二元共治原则;在算法价格歧视的反垄断规制路径上,需要加强超级平台企业的数据合规建设,对消费者数据赋权以对抗“算法权力”,加强反垄断法与算法的共同治理。Driven by artificial intelligence algorithm technology, more and more super-platform enterprises delegate part of their authority of operation, management or business from the traditional management to the algorithm platform. As a kind of human-computer interaction(HCI) decision-making mechanism, the algorithm technology is not value neutrality, perfectly rational intelligence technology, its super-platform on particular significance to the nature to the maximum profit of the enterprise, thus ignoring the social responsibility of enterprises, and it forms algorithmic price discrimination against consumer labeling in essence. Super-platform enterprises make deep use of algorithm technology, which often has the dual characteristics of public and private subjectivity. After obtaining a large amount of user data, they realize "data exploitation", break through the traditional enterprise role positioning,enjoy the power of resource allocation and rule-making similar to the public authority, and can realize the unfair oppression of other business entities. However, the existing laws arising from the traditional business model are fundamentally difficult to effectively curb the alienation risk of price discrimination of super-platform algorithms.Therefore, China needs to adopt new ideas to construct an anti-monopoly regulation system for the algorithmic price discrimination of such super-platform enterprises: In the principle of anti-monopoly regulation of algorithmic price discrimination, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of data protection to algorithmic regulation, and strengthen the dual governance principle of anti-monopoly law and algorithm;In the anti-monopoly regulation path of algorithmic price discrimination, China needs to improve the data compliance construction of super-platform enterprises, empower consumers’ data to resist algorithmic power, and strengthen the joint governance of antimonopoly law and algorithm.

关 键 词：超级平台企业 算法价格歧视 决策机制 数据权属 法律规制 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]