发展能力、社会压力与城乡低保标准并轨  

Development Capacity, Social Pressure and Unification of Urban-rural Minimum Living Standards

作　　者：陈蔡春子 林万龙[1] CHEN Cai-chun-zi;LIN Wan-long(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期108-121,共14页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“建立解决相对贫困的长效机制研究”(20ZDA073)。

摘　　要：城乡低保标准并轨是城乡基本公共服务均等化的一个重要标志。对城乡低保标准并轨状况进行了统计分析,从发展能力和社会压力角度探讨了城乡低保标准并轨的影响因素,研究发现:1)全国、东中西部、省级及县级层面的城乡低保标准差距均随时间呈现出缩小趋势,但各区域间存在差异;2)财政自主程度和经济发展水平的提高、人口流出和失业压力的减轻均有助于缩小城乡低保标准差距,同时邻近地区间城乡低保标准并轨状况这一外部压力起到了“示范”作用;3)城乡低保标准并轨的影响因素在东、中西部地区间存在异质性,财政自主程度、失业压力、外部压力的影响在中西部地区显著,城镇化和城乡收入差距的影响在东部地区显著。据此,为推动城乡低保标准并轨提供参考。The unification of urban-rural minimum living standards are an important symbol of basic public services equalization in urban and rural areas. Based on a statistical analysis of the status quo of the unification, the present paper explores its influencing factors from the perspectives of development capacity and social pressure. The results show that the gaps of the standards at the national, the eastern-central-western regional, provincial and county levels are in a narrowing trend over time with regional variance. Second,some factors contributing to the trend include the development in fiscal autonomy and economy, as well as the reduction of population outflows and unemployment pressure;meanwhile, unification in neighboring regions plays an exemplary role as an external pressure. Third, the influencing factors in eastern, central and western regions are heterogeneous. The influence of fiscal autonomy, unemployment pressure and external pressure is more apparent in central and western regions while the influence of urbanization and urban-rural income gap is more evident in the east. These findings can be a reference for promoting the unification of urban-rural minimum living standards.

关 键 词：城乡 低保标准 城乡并轨 生活保障制度 社会压力 

分 类 号：C913.7[经济管理]