热带东太平洋中上层食物网结构指数分析  

Analysis of indicators of pelagic food web in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean

作　　者：崔钰莹 林琴琴 朱江峰[1,2] 陈作志[3] CUI Yuying;LIN Qinqin;ZHU Jiangfeng;CHEN Zuozhi(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;KeyLaboratoryofSustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghia2i01306,China;SouthChina SeaFisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海每201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2022年第6期1533-1541,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41676120);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所开放基金(D-8005-20-0224)。

摘　　要：根据2017年6月—2019年2月在热带太平洋东部海域(14°03′N~30°22′S,179°36′E~114°29′W)开展的6个航次金枪鱼延绳钓渔获采样资料及胃含物组成数据,运用12个食物网网络分析指数,研究热带东太平洋中上层食物网结构特征。结果显示,本食物网物种(类群)数为83,连接数为542,食物网的平均营养级为2.4,顶级物种、中间物种、基础物种的比例分别为10.85%、83.13%、6.02%。食物网不同营养级物种的比例、杂食性指数(omnivorous,O=92.77%)、连接复杂性指数(connection complexity index,C_(SC)=13.22)和特征路径长度(characteristic path length,P=1.85)的分析表明,该食物网结构处于较稳定状态;聚类系数(clustering coefficient,C_(C)=0.242)表明食物网物种间可形成几个连接性较密切的子网络结构;由连接密度(linkage density,D=6.53)和连通度指标(connectance,C_(l)=0.08)可知食物网的复杂性处于正常水平,对人为扰动以及环境变化存在一定的抵御性。研究可以为今后热带太平洋食物网功能的深入研究及基于生态系统的大洋渔业管理提供重要参考。This research was aimed to analyze the structural characteristics of the pelagic food web in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean(14°03′N-30°22′S,179°36′E-114°29′W) using 12 network indices based on the composition of the stomach contents collected from June 2017 to February 2019 by the six Chinese Longline Fisheries Observer Programmes.The results showed that the number of species(S)in the food network was 83, the number of connections(L) was 542, and the mean trophic level(MT) was 2.4. The proportions of top species, intermediate species, foundation species were 10.85%, 83.13% and 6.02%, respectively. Analysis of the proportion of species at different trophic levels, the omnivory index(O=92.77%), the connectivity complexity index(C_(SC)=13.22) and the characteristic path length(P=1.85) showed that this food web was in a stable state.The clustering coefficient(C_(C)=0.242) indicated that closely connected sub-network structures can be formed among species in the food web. Linkage density(D=6.53) and connectivity(C_(l)=0.08) indicate that the complexity of the food web was at a normal level and it was robust to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental changes.The study can provide scientific reference for further studies on ecosystem dynamics and the ecosystem-based fishery management in the tropical oceanic Pacific Ocean.

关 键 词：食物网 指数分析 中上层 热带太平洋 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]