安徽省农村老年人抗生素知识水平与自我用药行为研究  

Research on knowledge level and self-medication behavior of antibiotics among the elderly in rural area of Anhui province

作　　者：徐宸韵 蒋嫣语 张雪梅 彭将鑫 程静[1] Xu Chenyun;Jiang Yanyu;Zhang Xuemei;Peng Jiangxin;Cheng Jing(School of health management,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui,230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学卫生管理学院,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2022年第21期2043-2048,共6页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71704003)。

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省农村老年人抗生素自我用药情况,分析包括抗生素知识在内的影响因素,为促进老年人合理用药提供借鉴和参考。方法于2020年10月—2021年7月多阶段抽取安徽省10个行政村932名60周岁及以上老年人进行入户问卷调查,调查内容包括社会人口学信息、抗生素知识水平、抗生素自我使用相关行为。结果老年人抗生素知识得分中位数为3分,且不同性别、文化水平、家庭人均月收入、家人是否从事医学相关职业以及是否购买商业医疗保险的老年人在抗生素知识水平上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。最近一年使用行为方面,自我报告出现普通感冒、咳嗽等常见症状者共760人,其中自行决定使用抗生素的有280(36.84%)人。在一般用药习惯方面,有353(46.45%)的老年人在症状好转时停药,有91(11.97%)名老年人表示会频繁更换药物,有380(50.00%)名老年人家中常备抗生素。χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析发现,60-80岁、家庭人均月收入高、抗生素知识水平较高、家中常备抗生素者,更容易自我使用抗生素;女性、家庭人均月收入高者,容易症状好转就停药;家庭人均月收入高、购买商业医疗保险、抗生素知识水平较高者,容易频繁更换药物;60-80岁、文化水平越高、没有购买商业医疗保险、抗生素知识水平较高者,容易家中常备抗生素。结论安徽省农村老年人的抗生素知识水平有待提高,抗生素自我使用行为有待规范,抗生素相关知识水平的提高不一定会促进合理自我使用行为,这一方面可能与调查地区农村老年人整体知识水平比较低下有关,另一方面也提示营造合理规范抗生素使用的社会环境。Objective To understand the self-medication of antibiotics among elderly in rural area of Anhui province,and analyze the affecting factors including knowledge of antibiotics,so as to provide advice for rational drug use among the elderly.Methods From October 2020 to July 2021,a stratified sample of 932 elderly aged 60 and above from 10 administrative villages in Anhui province was selected for the household questionnaire survey.The survey content including general demographic characteristics,antibiotic knowledge and self-medication with antibiotics.Results The median score of antibiotic knowledge among the elderly was 3 points.χ^(2)test showed that there were statistically significant differences in antibiotic knowledge among the elderly with different gender,educational levels,per capital monthly income of the family,whether family members are engaged in medical-related occupations and whether they buy commercial medical insurance(P<0.05).760 elders reported they had common symptoms such as colds and coughs in the past year,and 280(36.84%)decided to use antibiotics of their own.In terms of general medication habits,353(46.45%)of the elderly stopped taking antibiotics when their symptoms improved,91(11.97%)of the elderly said they change antibiotics frequently,and 380(50.00%)of the elderly had stored antibiotics at home.χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly aged 60-80,with high per capital monthly income,high knowledge level of antibiotics and have stored antibiotics at home were more likely to self-medicate with antibiotics.The female,and elderly with high per capital monthly income were more likely to stop taking antibiotics when their symptoms improved.The elderly with higher per capital monthly income,commercial medical insurance and higher knowledge of antibiotics were more likely to change antibiotics frequently.The elderly aged 60-80,with higher education level,no commercial medical insurance and higher knowledge of antibiotics were more likely to store antibiotics at home.Conc

关 键 词：老年人 抗生素 知识 自我用药 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]