环形空腔对装药释能与爆炸驱动特性的影响  

Effects of Annular Cavity on Characteristics of Charge Energy Release and Explosive Driving

作　　者：安宣谊 董永香 叶坪 孙启添 AN Xuanyi;DONG Yongxiang;YE Ping;SUN Qitian(Jiangnan Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Design,Guiyang 550006,China;School of Mechatronical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]江南机电设计研究所,贵阳550006 [2]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2022年第4期178-184,共7页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11872121)。

摘　　要：为探究环形装药战斗部爆炸驱动与威力特性,基于环形装药爆炸数值模拟,获得了环形装药空腔对装药释能与爆炸驱动特性的影响机制。结果表明:随着空腔尺寸的增加,装药质量减少及稀疏波效应增强,爆炸驱动能力下降,导致破片初速降低,同时装药输出能量减少使爆炸冲击波压力峰值降低;典型条件下,空腔内径占比为0.4与0.6的带壳环形装药近距离处爆炸时,冲击波压力峰值分别比带壳实心装药时低约13%和24%;空腔稀疏波对环形装药爆炸驱动能力的削弱作用略大于环形装药质量减少的影响,二者均随空腔尺寸的增加而增强。空腔内径占比为0.4~0.6时,在空腔稀疏波和空腔引起装药质量减少的联合影响下,破片速度降低13%~29%;带壳环形装药内不同观测点的压力主要取决于空腔尺寸和观测点所在位置。本文研究结果可为基于环形装药结构的新型战斗部设计提供参考。To explore the explosive driving and lethality of annular charge warhead,the influence mechanisms of the annular cavity on the characteristics of charge energy release and explosive driving are obtained based on the numerical simulation of annular charge explosion.The results show that with the increase of the cavity size,the explosive driving ability decreases due to the decrease of charge mass and the enhancement of rarefaction wave,resulting in the decreases of the fragment initial velocity.In addition,the peak pressure of shock wave decreases due to the decrease of the output energy of charge.Under typical conditions,the peak pressure of explosion shock wave of cased annular charge is about 13%and 24%lower than that of cased solid charge with shell when the annular charge with shell whose inner diameter ratio is 0.4 and 0.6,respectively.The weakening effect of rarefaction wave from the cavity on the explosive driving ability of annular charge is slightly greater than that of charge mass reduction,both of which increase with the increase of cavity size.When the proportion of cavity inner diameter is 0.4-0.6,the fragment velocity decreases by 13%-29% under the combined influence of cavity rarefaction wave and cavity induced charge mass reduction.In addition,the pressure of different gauge points in the annular charge with shell mainly depends on the size of the cavity and the location of the gauge point.The results of this paper can provide reference for the design of new warhead based on annular charge structure.

关 键 词：环形装药 空腔 稀疏波 战斗部 爆炸驱动 冲击波 

分 类 号：TJ410[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] O38[理学—流体力学]