2021年青海果洛南部副高边缘一次大到暴雨天气过程分析  

Analysis of a Weather Process from Heavy Rain to Rainstorm at the Edge of the Subtropical High Pressure in Southern Guoluo of Qinghai Province in 2021

作　　者：马玉花 李泽祥 周措毛 张彩霞 丹珍卓玛 Ma Yuhua;Li Zexiang;Zhou Cuomao;Zhang Caixia;Danzhen Zhuoma(Meteorological Bureau of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province,Maqin 814000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省果洛藏族自治州气象局,玛沁814000

出　　处：《青海科技》2022年第6期143-148,172,共7页Qinghai Science and Technology

摘　　要：2021年8月18日20时至19日20时,青海省果洛南部受西太平洋副热带高压影响出现了一次小时雨强小、持续时间长、夜雨现象明显、伴随着雷暴的大到暴雨天气过程,文章利用相对应的天气环流背景、地面形势、探空曲线、水汽条件、各物理量场分析了此次降水天气过程成因和特征。结果表明:高压后部和低压前部偏南气流的辐合、较大的湿度和较厚的湿层、低层水汽辐合为这次过程提供了丰沛的水汽条件,高层辐散、低层辐合使得强烈的上升气流长时间维持是这次大到暴雨的动力条件,不同高度高能舌重叠是这次大到暴雨发生和发展的能量条件,中尺度对流云团的生成及强烈发展是降雨量大的直接原因。分析结果对今后预报类似大降水天气过程具有重要的参考意义。On August 18-19,2021, the southern part of Guoluo, Qinghai Province, was affected by the subtropical high of the western Pacific Ocean, with a small hourly rain intensity, long duration, obvious night rain phenomenon, accompanied by a weather process from heavy rain to rainstorm. The results showed that the convergence of the southerly air flow behind the high pressure and the front of the low pressure, the greater humidity and thicker wet layer, and the convergence of the water vapor in the lower layer provided abundant water vapor conditions for this process. The high-level divergence and low-level convergence made the strong updraft maintain for a long time, which was the dynamic condition of this heavy rainfall. The overlap of high-energy tongues of different heights was the energy condition for the occurrence and development of heavy rainfall. The formation and strong development of mesoscale convective clouds were the direct causes of this large rainfall. The analysis results have important reference significance for forecasting similar weather processes of heavy precipitation in the future.

关 键 词：果洛南部 暴雨 副热带高压 中尺度云团 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]