大连海域5种经济鱼类的生长、死亡及资源合理利用研究  

Growth,Mortality and Rational Utilization of 5 Economic Fish Species in Coastal Dalian

作　　者：刘修泽[1] 吉光 王彬[1] 段妍[1] 王小林[1] 王爱勇[1] 柴雨[1] 孙明[1] 郭栋[1] 董婧[1] 王源元 田杨 LIU Xiuze;JI Guang;WANG Bin;DUAN Yan;WANG Xiaolin;WANG Aiyong;CHAI Yu;SUN Ming;GUO Dong;DONG Jing;WANG Yuanyuan;TIAN Yang(Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecology,Dalian Key Laboratory of Conservation of Fishery Resources,Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China;Management of Fishery Administration of Pulandian in Dalian,Dalian 116299,China;Management of Fishing Harbor Supervision of Pulandian in Dalian,Dalian 116299,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁省海洋生物资源与生态学重点实验室,大连市海洋渔业资源养护重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连市普兰店渔政管理所,辽宁大连116299 [3]大连市普兰店渔港监督,辽宁大连116299

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第1期73-80,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(2019-MS-180,2019-ZD-0387);辽宁省兴辽英才项目(XLYC2007068);辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2019020073-JH2/102);辽宁省百千万人才资助项目(2020921064);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2019RQ064,2017RQ160)。

摘　　要：根据2017—2018年大连海域渔业资源底拖网调查数据,基于FISATⅡ软件对大连海域小黄鱼、高眼鲽、长绵鳚、大泷六线鱼和许氏平鲉这5种常见经济鱼类的生长、死亡及资源利用现状进行评估。研究结果显示,5种鱼类的渐近体长(L∞)为222.4~495.5 mm,生长系数(K)介于0.36~0.69间。当前5种经济鱼类的开发率(E)为0.57~0.71,均大于0.5和单位补充渔获量最高时开发率(E_(max)),表明资源已处于过度开发状态;结合Bverton-Holt动态综合模型结果,当前5种鱼类的捕捞强度偏大、开捕体长较小。综合考虑鱼类的拐点年龄、临界年龄、繁殖及经济利益,建议小黄鱼、高眼鲽、大泷六线鱼、长绵鳚和许氏平鲉的最适开捕体长分别为136、237、207、297 mm和160 mm。本研究结果可作为这5种经济鱼类资源管理的参考,在具体的渔业政策制定中,还需要进一步保证调查数据的时效性和调查方式的全面性、科学性。Based on the bottom trawl investigation data from 2017 to 2018,the growth,mortality and development status of 5 species of economic fish in coastal Dalian,China were evaluated using FISATⅡsoftware developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO).These species were small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis,rockling Enchelyopus elongates,pointhead plaice Cleisthenes herzensteini,greenling Hexagrammos otakii,and schlegeli′s black rochfish Sebastes schlegeli.The growth and death parameters were estimated using the body length frequency distribution method(ELEFANⅠ),and the resource change trend were evaluated according to the Beverton-Holt model.The results showed that the asymptotic length of 5 fish species were from 222.4 mm to 495.5 mm,and that growth parameter was veried from 0.36 to 0.69.The current exploitation of 5 fish species were from 0.57 to 0.71,and were all larger than 0.5 and E_(max),suggesting the stocks were over-exploited.Combined with the Beverton-Holt dynamic model,the result showed that the fishing pressure of the 5 fish species were relatively high,and the current capture size were relatively small.Considering inflection age,critical age,recruitment and economic interest,the optimum capture size for small yellow croaker,rockling,pointhead plaice,greenling,and schlegeli′s black rochfish were 136 mm,237 mm,207 mm,297 mm,and 160 mm,respectively.The findings can be used as a reference for fishery resources management of these five economic fish species.In the specific fishery policy-making,it is also necessary to ensure the timeliness of survey data and the comprehensiveness and scientificity of survey methods.

关 键 词：大连海域 种群参数 资源状况 经济鱼类 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]