接种炭疽病菌对不同抗性核桃品种/品系生理指标的影响  

Effects of Inoculation of Anthrax on Physiological Indexes of Walnut Cultivars/Strains with Different Resistance

作　　者：翟蒙蒙 李学强[1] 丁文轩 梁家乐 李秀珍[1] 陈苏丹[1] ZHAI Mengmeng;LI Xueqiang;DING Wenxuan;LIANG Jiale;LI Xiuzhen;CHEN Sundan(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2023年第1期7-12,共6页Journal of Fruit Resources

摘　　要：【目的】炭疽病是目前危害核桃产业发展的严重病害之一,为了探究被炭疽病侵染后核桃的生理变化以及比较该病原对不同核桃品种/品系致病性的差异而进行了该试验,以期为今后在核桃的生产栽培上选育出抗病性的品种/品系提供理论支持。【方法】以抗性不同的5个核桃品种/品系果实为材料,测定了接种前后过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、丙苯氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶(CHI)、肉桂酸4-羟基化酶(C4H)等防御酶活性及发病率、病斑直径等指标。【结果】不同品种/品系核桃接种炭疽病菌后发病程度有差异,其中3个品种/品系表现高抗,多数防御酶在0~3 d时间段内达到峰值,0~3 d POD酶活变化量与发病率显著负相关,说明防御酶活性变化量越大,发病率越低,采用隶属函数法对每个品种/品系0~3 d酶活变化量综合评价,结果得出隶属函数平均值与发病率极显著负相关。【结论】单一的酶活性变化并不能作为品种抗性强弱的依据,而品种抗性是由0~3 d多种防御酶活性变化共同作用决定的。【Objective】Anthrax is one of the serious diseases that harm the development of walnut industry at present,in order to explore the physiological changes of anthrax infected walnut and the difference of pathogenicity of different walnut cultivars/strains were carried out this experiment,in order to provide theoretical support for the future production and cultivation of walnut breeding cultivars/strains resistant to disease.【Methods】5 cultivars/strains of walnut fruits with different resistance were used as materials.The activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),alanine ammonia lyase(PAL),chitinase(CHI),cinnamate 4-hydroxylase(C4H)and other defense enzymes were determined.【Results】The incidence of anthrax was different in different cultivars/strains of walnuts inoculated with anthrax.Three varieties/strains showed high resistance.Most of the defense enzymes reached the peak value in the period of 0~3 days,and the change of POD activity in 0~3 days was significantly negatively correlated with the incidence of the disease,indicating that the greater the change of defense enzyme activity,the lower the incidence of the disease.the mean value of membership function was significantly negatively correlated with the incidence of disease.【Conclusion】Indicating that the change of single enzyme activity could not be used as the basis for the resistance of cultivar,but was determined by the joint action of the change of various defense enzyme activities during 0~3 days.

关 键 词：核桃 炭疽病 发病率 抗性评价 酶活性 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]